CAMPBELL FAMILY

1.    Margaret¹ Campbell, born say 1732, was the mother of a "Mollatto" child James who was bound to Richard Guthrie by the vestry of Stratton Major Parish, King & Queen County on 17 November 1752 [Chamberlayne, Vestry Book of Stratton Major Parish, King & Queen County, 94]. She was the mother of

i. James, born say 1752.

2    ii. ?Margaret², born say 1755.

3    iii. ?Frances, born say 1762.

 

2.    Margaret² Campbell, born say 1750, was the mother of "Mulatto Bastard children" Hannah and James who were bound out by the Botetourt County court to William Madison on 11 February 1779. And on 11 March 1784 the court ordered her "Mulatto" children Will, Hannah and James bound to Elizabeth Madison [Orders 1776-80, 152; 1780-4, 463]. She was the mother of

i. Hannah, born say 1770, a "Female Mulatto" living near the Roanoke area of Botetourt County in a list of "Free Negroes & Mulattors" in 1802 [Orders 1800-1804, loose papers, nos. 30-36].

ii. James, born say 1772.

iii. Will, born say 1776.

 

3.    Frances Campbell, born say 1762, was living in Culpeper County on 27 February 1783 when the churchwardens of St. Mark's Parish bound her illegitimate daughter Frances Campbell to Adam Newell. She was living in Fredericksburg on 17 November 1795 when her daughter Charlotte's indenture was assigned to her: 27 Day of Feb 1783, Parish of St. Mark, Culpeper County, Charlotte Cambell (a Bastard Child of Frances Campbell born the 6^th Day of November 1780 bound to Adam Newell...until age eighteen. Assigned to David Oliver on 3 January 1793 and then to Frances Cambell, Fredericksburg, November 17^th 1795 [Fredericksburg Register of Free Negroes, 1790-1862, pp. 13-14]. She was head of a Spotsylvania County household of 4 "other free" in 1810. She was the mother of

i. Frances, bound out on 27 February 1783.

ii. Charlotte, born 6 November 1780, registered in Fredericksburg on 7 June 1820: a Mulatto woman, 38, five feet 4 inches high born free [Fredericksburg Register of Free Negroes, 1790-1862, 190] and was head of a Spotsylvania County household of 4 "other free" in 1810.

iii. Hannah, born 6 July 1781, bound out in Culpeper County on 27 February 1783: This indenture...between the Churchwardens of the parish of St. Mark, Culpeper County and Adam Newell. Bind Hannah Campbell Bastard daughter of Frances Campbell born 6^th July 1781 To serve til 18. She registered in Fredericksburg: This is to certify that Hannah Campbell came to live with me at ten years of age and faithfully served me until she arrived to be eighteen years of age. Discharge from service. 11 April 1799. Susannah Stringfelloe [Fredericksburg Register of Free Negroes, 1790-1862, 22, 70].

iv. Duncan Blair, born 11 April 1782, registered in Fredericksburg on 4 April 1804: This is to certify that Duncan Blair son of Frances Cambell was born April 11^th 1782(?) At my house in the Parish of St. Mark County of Culpeper. Ann Irwin. August 4^th 1804. The above named Frances Campbell was bound to Adam Newell as a free Molatto and after his death she remained in the service of his widow who is now Ann Irwin. I certify that in the year 1791 Frances Campbell a free mulatoe brought to me her son Duncan Blair as a free mulatoe boy to serve as an apprentice to the trade of Boot & Shoemaker and that the said Duncan continued as such with me & in my service until the year 1804. 23^rd September 1805 [Fredericksburg Register of Free Negroes, 1790-1862, 85].

v. ?Nancy, registered in Fredericksburg: I have known Nancy Campbell since her infancy certify that she is free. 24 June 1808 [Fredericksburg Register of Free Negroes, 1790-1862, 135]. She was head of a Spotsylvania County household of 5 "other free" in 1810.

vi. ?James, registered in Fredericksburg on 17 February 1809: John D Baptist made oath that James Campell a bright Mulatto twenty one years old was born in the family of said DeBaptist of Free parents [Fredericksburg Register of Free Negroes, 1790-1862, 142].

vii. Robert, born 14 May 1792, a "F. Mo." head of a Culpeper County household of 2 "other free" in 1810 [VA:19]. He registered in Fredericksburg in July 1812: Charlotte Campbell made oath in Fredericksburg that Robert Campbell a man of colour is free born and born of free parents and that he was twenty years old last May 14 [Fredericksburg Register of Free Negroes, 1790-1862, 156].

viii. Lewis, born 11 May 1794, registered in Fredericksburg on 6 January 1813: Charlotte Campbell made oath that her Brother Lewis Campbell nineteen years old the 11^th day of next May is a free man born of free parents [Fredericksburg Register of Free Negroes, 1790-1862, 163].

 

CANE FAMILY

1.    Sebastian Cane, born perhaps 1632, was a free resident of Dorchester in New England, who had visited Northampton County, Virginia, in 1652 and 1654 as a seaman when he made a deposition in court about a tobacco cargo [DW 1654-55, 73]. Back in Dorchester in 1656 he entered into bond (with his house and land, including 4-1/2 acres planted in wheat as his security) with Mrs. Ann Keayne to purchase the freedom of (his sister?) Angola, one of the family's African slaves. Angola was freed a week after Sebastian signed the agreement. He lived in Dorchester for at least ten years from 1652 to 1662 when he sold his whole estate to a friend, Francis Vernon. His estate consisted of a one third share in a 10-14 ton vessel, the Hopewell (later sold for £12), and one barrel each of liquor, sugar, mackerel, and codfish [Suffolk Deeds, Liber II (Boston: Rockwell and Churchill, 1883), 297 by Deal, Race and Class, 374-379].

He moved to Northampton County, Virginia, where he was head of a household with King Tony in 1664, and from 1665 to 1668 when he was tithable with his wife Grace-Susanna [Orders 1657-64, fol.198; 1664-74, 15, fol.29, fol.42, fol.54]. She was most likely the twenty-year-old former slave of Stephen Charlton. Charlton sold a three-year-old girl named Grace-Susanna to Richard Vaughan on 19 March 1647, stipulating that she was to be free at the age of thirty years [DW 1645-51, 150, 152].

In 1666 Bastian received ten lashes for harboring a runaway slave of Francis Pigot, and he was imprisoned for a month for trading with another of Pigot's slaves (perhaps Thomas Carter, Peter George, or John Archer) [Orders 1664-74, fol.29, p.44]. His 1670 will, witnessed by his neighbor, John Francisco, named only his wife Grace [Orders 1664-74, fol.89].

 

Endnotes:

1.   See Deal, Race and Class for more details of the life of Grace-Susanna and nearly all the other mid-seventeenth century African American residents of Northampton County, Virginia.

 

CANNADY/ KENNEDY FAMILY

Members of the Cannady family, probably descendants of a white woman, were

1     i. William¹, born say 1696.

2     ii. Joseph¹, born say 1710.

iii. Ann/ Nanny, born say 1715, presented by the York County court on 15 May 1738 for not listing herself as a tithable [OW 18:414, 434].

3     iv. William², born say 1716.

 

1.    William¹ Cannady, born say 1696, was a "Mallatto Servant man" who was listed with "Mallatto Servant" John Bird in the York County estate of Orlando Jones on 15 December 1719. William was valued at £15, and John Byrd was valued at £20, so they probably still had a few years to serve. William was free from his indenture before 19 December 1726 when Robert Laughton sued him in York County court for a debt of £1.13. Matthew Hawkins was William's security [OW 15, pt. 2, 531; 16, pt. 2, 420, 426, 439]. He married Judith Bass sometime before her father John Bass made his 18 January 1732 Bertie County, North Carolina will. Her father left her 100 acres on the south side of Urahaw Swamp which became part of Northampton County in 1741 [SS 876/3:305]. William was living in Edgecombe County on 7 April 1744 when he and Judith sold this land in Northampton County [DB 1:175] and they were living in Guilford County on 27 January 1779 when they sold two parcels of 50 acres each in Northampton County on Urahaw Swamp [DB 6:326, 332]. They may have been the ancestors of

i. Judith, mother of Willie Cannady, born 1786, bound an apprentice by the Edgecombe County court on 21 May 1791.

ii. Jacob, born before 1776, head of a Halifax County, North Carolina household of 6 "free colored" in 1830 [NC:329]. The 11 October 1832 issue of the Roanoke Advocate advertised that there was a letter for him at the Halifax Post Office. He left a 24 October 1835 Halifax County will, proved February 1836, by which he left all his estate to Jacob H. Simpson Canady and John Felson Simpson Canady after the death of his wife Silley Canady [WB 4:125].

iii. Mary, head of a Halifax County household of 3 "other free" in 1810 [NC:3].

 

2.    Joseph¹ Cannady/ Kannady, born say 1710, was presented by the York County court on 15 December 1735 for not listing his "Molatto" wife Betty as a tithable. On 24 November 1741 Betty received 10 shillings for Mary Roberts from Francis Hewitt according to the account of his York County estate. Betty was Mary Roberts's daughter, named in Mary's 20 November 1749 York County will. On 19 November 1744 Joseph was again presented for not listing his wife as a tithable, and he was ordered to pay tithes on all his tithables when he appeared in court on 17 December 1744. A suit brought against him by George Jones for trespass, assault and battery was dismissed on 19 May 1746 when neither party appeared. John Rollison (Rawlinson) sued him for debt on 20 November 1752 but the case was discontinued because Rawlinson did not prosecute. Joseph paid 14 shillings to the estate of Ann Keith which was returned to court on 17 June 1754. Elizabeth was paid £1.4 by the estate of Simon Whitaker on 6 August 1769 [W&I 18:237, 245; 19:250, 314, 332, 432; 20:163-4, 329; 22:8; Judgments & Orders 1752-4, 153, 168]. He was taxable on 2 tithes in James City County in 1768 and 1769 [Tax Book, 1768-1769, pp. 49, 35; http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/412756, film 8359391, images 65, 129 of 163]. Joseph and Betty may have been the parents of

4     i. Hugh¹, born say 1735.

5     ii. Joseph², born about 1739.

iii. Jane, living in York County on 17 December 1764 when a grand jury presentment against her was dismissed [Judgments & Orders 1759-63, 320].

 

3.    William² Cannady, born say 1716, was paid £1.6 by the York County estate of Pluny Ward. He paid about the same amount to the estate which was settled on 12 September 1738. He was presented by the York County court on 19 November 1744 and 1746 for not listing his wife as a tithable [W&I 18:450-1; 19:314, 332, 472, 486]. He was probably the father of

i. William³, born say 1740, presented for not listing his wife as a tithable in York County on 21 November 1765 and sued on 17 July 1769 for a debt of 40 shillings due by account. He was a soldier in the Revolution on 17 August 1778 and 21 June 1779 when the York County court allowed his wife Frances Kennedy a subsistence payment [Judgments & Orders 1763-5, 90, 126; 1768-70, 299; Orders 1774-84, 170, 219].

6     ii. James¹, born say 1750.

 

4.    Hugh¹ Cannady, born say 1735, was sued in Sussex County by John Montgomery for a debt of £3.15 on 18 June 1767 [Orders 1766-70, 120]. He was called Uriah Kennedy when he and his wife Anne baptized their son Jo(seph) on 3 July 1768 in Albemarle Parish, Sussex and Surry counties. The godparents were Timothy Santee and Samuel and Sarah Blizzard [Register of Albemarle Parish, 145, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/376749, film 30161, image 85 of 212]. Hugh died before 16 November 1775 when the Sussex County, Virginia court ordered the churchwardens to bind out his unnamed orphan children [Orders 1770-76]. He was the father of

7     i. ?Hugh², born say 1757.

ii. ?John, born say 1761, taxable in Sussex County in Huriah Cannady/ Kennedy's household in 1782 and 1783, a "free man" whose tax was charged to Stephen Andrew in 1784 [PPTL 1782-1812, frames 69, 83, 112]. He married Susannah Tann, 27 December 1786 Southampton County bond, John Tann surety, 22 January 1787 marriage. The executors of John Lamb sued him and Richard Andrews in Sussex County court in December 1788 [Orders 1786-91, 434]. He was taxable in Nottoway Parish, Southampton County (no race indicated) from 1787 to 1792: taxable on 2 horses in 1792 [PPTL 1782-92, 619, 680, 732, 782; 1792-1806, frames 6, 28], taxable in Sussex County from 1794 to 1800 and from 1802 to 1812 [PPTL 1782-1812, frames 112, 368, 381, 431, 472, 486, 526, 574, 734, 766, 801, 855] and a "FN" taxable in Henrico County in 1801 [PPTL 1782-1814, frame 448]. He married, second, Creesy Chavis, 9 December 1806 Sussex County marriage [Minister's Returns, 283]. He was a "Free Negro" head of a Sussex County household of 6 "other free" in 1810 [VA:632] and 5 "free colored" in 1830. He left a 6 November 1827 Sussex County will, proved 5 June 1831, by which he left all his estate to his wife Creacy Cannaday to be sold and divided among his children at her death. His estate was sold in 1833 for $40 [WB L:347; N:148].

iii. Joseph³, born 3 July 1768, taxable in Sussex County from 1789 to 1792: his tax charged to Mary Andrews in 1791 [PPTL 1782-1812, frames 241, 274, 296, 320]. He married Tabitha Scott, 23 December 1797 Surry County bond, William Scott surety, and was taxable in Surry County in 1799 [PPTL, 1791-1816, frame 367]. He married, second, Patty Jones, 26 February 1804 Sussex County bond, John Jones surety, 29 February marriage.

 

5.    Joseph² Canada, born about 1739, registered in Southampton County on 11 September 1794: Joseph Canada a free mulattoe 55 years old 5 feet 6-1/2 inches high has resided in Southampton 15 or 20 years .... born of free parents in Jas. City [Register of Free Negroes 1794-1832, no. 121 (located between nos. 90 and 91)]. He may have been the father of

i. James³, taxable in the St. Luke's Parish, Southampton County household of Molly Chavis in 1805 [PPTL 1792-1806, frame 803], a Surry County taxable in 1806, married Elizabeth Scott, 20 February 1808 Sussex County bond, Jordan Cannady surety, 21 February marriage. He was taxable in Sussex County in 1810 and 1812 [PPTL 1782-1812, frames 766, 855].

 

6.    James¹ Cannady, born say 1750, was taxable in James City County from 1782 to 1813: taxable on 4 horses and 18 cattle in 1782, a "Mulatto" taxable on 3 horses and 16 cattle in 1785, 2 slaves and 3 horses in 1788, 2 free tithables from 1794 to 1796, a slave in 1809 and 1810, 2 free tithables in 1811 and 1812, and had 5 female "Free Persons of Colour" over the age of 16 in his household in 1813 [PPTL, 1782-99; 1800-24]. He purchased 45 acres in James City County by 1787, and he and John Wallace purchased 127 acres in James City County from the estate of Keturah Trevillian: James bought 73-1/4 acres and Wallace the remainder. By 1828 Judy Cannady held a life estate in the 78 acres [Land Tax Lists, 1782-1807; 1809-1832]. He was living in James City County on 19 December 1811 when he made a Charles County deed of gift of a cow and two calves to his grandson Walker Cumbo, son of Turner Cumbo and his wife Rebecca of Charles City County [DB 5:405-6]. He was probably also related to Charles Carter whose estate he and James Cannaday, Jr., posted bond of $500 to administer in York County on 15 February 1808 [Orders 1803-14, 257]. He was the father of

i. ?Sally, born say 1770, taxable in James City County on a slave and a horse in 1792, a "mulatto" over the age of 16 in James City County in 1813 [PPTL, 1782-99; 1800-24].

ii. ?James², Jr., born say 1773, taxable in James City County from 1797 to 1813: a "mulatto" taxable with 2 female "Free Persons of Colour" over the age of 16 in 1813 [PPTL, 1782-99; 1800-24].

iii. Rebecca, married Turner Cumbo before 19 December 1811.

 

7.   Hugh¹ Cannady, born say 1735, was sued in Sussex County by John Montgomery for a debt of £3.15 on 18 June 1767 [Orders 1766-70, 120]. He was called Uriah Kennedy when he and his wife Anne baptized their son Jo(seph) on 3 July 1768 in Albemarle Parish, Sussex and Surry counties. The godparents were Timothy Santee and Samuel and Sarah Blizzard [Register of Albemarle Parish, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/376749, film 7893694, image 85]. Hugh died before 16 November 1775 when the Sussex County, Virginia court ordered the churchwardens to bind out his unnamed orphan children [Orders 1770-76]. He was the father of

8     i. ?Jones, born say 1778.

ii. Silvey, born say 1780, married Major Debrick (Debrix) of Surry County, "consent of Hew Cannady," 7 February 1797 Sussex County bond, Joseph Cannady surety, 9 February marriage.

iii. Mary, born say 1782, "daughter of Hew Cannaday," married Edward Chavers, 21 December 1799 Sussex County bond, John Cannida surety, 22 December marriage.

iv. ?Eady, born say 1788, married John Walden, 9 August 1809 Surry County bond, 10 August marriage.

v. ?Jordan, born about 1789, registered in Sussex County on 10 March 1815: bright complexion, 5'9", 26 years old [Register of Free Negroes, no. 256].

 

8.    Jones Cannady, born say 1778, was taxable in Sussex County in 1790, 1791, and 1799 [PPTL 1782-1812, frames 274, 298, 486]. He married Fanny Scott, 20 February 1799 Surry County bond, William Scott surety, and was surety for the 17 August 1799 Sussex County marriage bond of David Charity ("of Surry County") and Nancy Debberick (Debrix). He was a "Molatto" planter living on Sarah Moring's land with Fanny Cannady (a weaver) and his children Billy and Nancy Cannady in Surry County in 1803 [A List of Molatto's in Surry County in the Year 1803, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/1468651, film no. 4121845, frame 6 of 16]. He was taxable in Surry County from 1801 to 1816: listed with 2 "free Negroes & Mulattoes above the age of 16" in 1813 [PPTL, 1791-1816, frames 445, 521, 629, 706, 733, 852]. He left a 4 June 1833 Surry County will, proved 28 October the same year, by which he left his son Jones Canada 24 acres, with the remainder of his property to be sold and distributed among his seven children: William, Nancy Roberts, Fanny Debrix, Betsy Valentine, Lucy, Martha and Faithy, an infant [WB 6:563-5]. Jones and Fanny's children were

i. William⁴, born about 1801, registered in Surry County on 25 November 1822: son of Fanny Canada, a free woman of colour, aged 21 years is 5'11-1/4" high of bright complexion has long hair and grey eyes.

ii. Nancy Ann Roberts, born say 1803, registered in Surry County on 26 April 1824: daughter of Jones and Frances Canady, free Mulatto persons of Surry County she is bright Mulatto...she has pretty straight hair, small Eyes, her features are rather handsome than otherways, & is 5'5" high [Hudgins, Surry County Register of Free Negroes, 75, 79].

iii. Fanny Debrix.

iv. Betsy Valentine.

v. Jones, born about 1817, registered in Surry County on 28 May 1838: a bright mulattoe man was born free...light eyes, bushy hair...aged about 21 years, 5'8-1/2" high [Hudgins, Surry County Register of Free Negroes, 133].

vi. Lucy.

vii. Martha.

vii. Faithy.

 

Members of the Kennedy family in Hampshire and Monongalia counties were

i. Behethland, born say 1760, married Luke Hughes, on 10 July 1779 in St. Paul's Parish, King George County [St. Paul's Parish Register (microfilm), 223].

ii. Hugh, born say 1772, taxable in the lower district of Hampshire County from 1793 to 1809 in the same district as (his father?) Thomas Cannady [PPTL 1782-99, frames 325, 341, 406, 424, 498, 577, 593; 1800-14, frames 38, 109, 197, 218, 306, 335, 409, 437]. He was head of a Monongalia County household of 11 "other free" in 1810 [VA:514] and a "man of Color" taxable on a horse in Monongalia County from 1811 to 1820: taxable on 2 "FPC" tithes in 1814, 1818 and 1819, listed as a farmer in 1820, taxable on 1 tithe in 1816 when Thomas Kenedy was listed as a tithable "man of Color" in the same district [PPTL 1783-1821, frames 582, 615, 683, 791, 812, 855, 898, 916]. He was probably the Hugh C who was listed in the 1820 Monongalia Census at the end of the Eastern District in the "free colored" section between Hezekiah Kook/ Cook and Thomas Kook/ Cook with a blank entry [VA:169].

iii. Isaac, born before 1776, taxable in the lower district of Hampshire County from 1799 to 1806 [PPTL 1782-99, frame 593; 1800-14, frames 38, 57, 109, 196, 218, 335], a "man of colour" taxable in Harrison County in 1813 [PPTL 1809-1818], head of an Eastern District, Harrison County household of 9 "other free" in 1810 [VA:84] and 15 "free colored" in 1830: in the same district as "free colored" Samuel Kennedy (born after 1795), Isaac Newman and Jesse Male.

iv. Jacob, taxable in the upper district of Hampshire County from 1804 to 1811: called a "F.M." in 1811 [PPTL 1800-14, frames 365, 385, 465, 489, 564], head of a Hampshire County household of 7 "other free" in 1810 [VA:822], a "man of colour" taxable in Harrison County in 1813 [PPTL 1809-18], and head of a Randolph County household of 5 "free colored" in 1840 [VA:272].

v. Thomas, born about 1803, head of a Randolph County household of 5 "free colored" in 1840 [VA:272], a "Mulatto" counted in the 1850 census for Decatur, Washington County, Ohio, with "Mulatto" wife Sarah and $250 real estate [family no. 81].

 

Endnotes:

1.    Others free African American families from York County who later lived in or near Northampton County, North Carolina, were the Allen, Banks, Brooks, Byrd, and Roberts families.

2. The Lucas family were "Mulatto" taxables in King George and nearby counties. Philip Lucas was a "free negro" taxable in Fauquier County in 1786 and 1789 [PPTL 1782-96, frames 97, 278] and a "free black" taxable in the upper district of Hampshire County in 1790 [PPTL 1782-99, frame 198].

 

CARMINE FAMILY

Members of the Carmine family were

i. William, a "Mulatto" presented in Accomack County court for failing to list his wife as a tithable in St. George's Parish on 27 December 1763 [Orders 1753-63, 645].

ii. John, added to the list of tithables in St. George's Parish, Accomack County, with his wife Mary on 30 September 1766. He was sued for debt by Zerobabel Rodgers but not found by the sheriff on 12 December 1769 [Orders 1765-7, 238; 1768-70, 296].

iii. Betty, presented by the churchwardens of Accomack County but dismissed on 28 November 1753 by agreement [Orders 1753-63, 24].

iv. Major, bound as an apprentice blacksmith to George Cutler in St. George's Parish, Accomack County on 29 May 1765 [Orders 1764-5, 435].

 

CARPENTER FAMILY

1.    Sarah Carpenter, born say 1740, was head of a Northumberland County household of 5 "Blacks" in 1782 [VA:37]. She left a 29 May 1782 Northumberland County will, proved 9 August 1784 by the administrator James Carpender. She gave a bed, furniture, and other household items, her oldest yoke of oxen, and a cow and calf to her son William Carpender; the remainder of her estate to her son James Carpender; a heifer to her grandson James Credick (Credit) and divided her clothes and pewter plates among her daughters Sarah, Leannah, Elizabeth and Ellender [RB 12:256]. She was the mother of

i. William, born say 1760, taxable in Northumberland County from 1784 to 1794, a "Blk" taxable from 1809 to 1811 [PPTL 1782-1812, frames 265, 327, 392, 417, 634, 668].

2     ii. James, born say 1762.

iii. Sarah.

iv. Leannah.

v. Elizabeth.

vi. Ellender.

 

2.    James Carpenter, born say 1762, was taxable in Northumberland County from 1784 to 1813: charged with 2 tithes in 1807 and 1809, listed as a "Blk" tithe from 1809 to 1813 [PPTL 1782-1812, frames 265, 327, 348, 378, 436, 444, 505, 514, 535, 564, 572, 621, 634, 653, 682]. He was probably identical to James Cavender, a "mulatto man" residing in Northumberland County on 9 May 1796 when the court certified that he was born free [Orders 1796-7, 26]. He was a "free mulatto" head of a Northumberland County household of 4 "other free" in 1810 [VA:974]. He may have been the father of

i. Hannah, born say 1785, married George Credit, 9 November 1807 Northumberland County bond, Spencer Thomas security.

ii. Hancock, taxable in Northumberland County from 1810 to 1813 [PPTL 1782-1812, frames 653, 667, 682], married Peggy Boyd, 12 December 1811 Northumberland County bond, Presly Coleman security.

 

CARROLL FAMILY

Members of the Carroll family in North Carolina were

i. William, born say 1760, received voucher no. 306 for £19 in New Bern, Craven County, on 1 August 1783 for military service in the Revolution [North Carolina Revolutionary Pay Vouchers, 1779-1782, http://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q2WT-RSDX] and was head of a Beaufort County household of 4 "other free" in 1790.

ii. Margaret, born say 1770, a "Mulatto" bound apprentice to Charles Stevens in Cumberland County court in January 1775 [Minutes 1772-6, 40 (last page)]. She was head of a Johnston County household of 4 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:259].

 

CARTER FAMILY

Edward¹ Carter and his brother Thomas¹ Carter, probably born in the 1640s, were slaves who were freed in Northampton County, Virginia, in the seventeenth century.

One of their descendants, Edward³ Carter, was tithable in Northampton County with his wife Margaret and sons Edward⁵ and John¹ Carter from 1724-1725. He was in North Carolina by August 1730 when he purchased 300 acres in Bertie County. In 1750 he and his wife Margaret made a deed of gift to their daughter Margaret and her husband James Nickens who were taxable "Mulattos."

Another Edward Carter (Edward²) left a New Hanover County, North Carolina will in 1736 by which he left land in what became Duplin County near Lenoir County to his grandchildren Edward⁶ and Solomon Carter who were heads of "other free" households. In 1803 one of Solomon Carter's daughters married Jonathan Nickens who was probably a descendant of James Nickens and Margaret Carter of Bertie County.

A Lenoir County court case was held in 1840 to determine whether the descendants of Edward⁶ Carter had the right to vote. It included a deposition by a witness who testified that he understood that Edward⁶ Carter's father was named Ned Carter and that it was said he lived in Bertie County. The deponent also stated that he understood that another witness had sworn in Duplin County court that, "Ned Carter that lived in Bertie was a cenky headed negro." Another witness deposed that Edward⁶ Carter was "of dark complexion" another that he was "of yellow complexion and had strait hair...decended from an Indian and that Carters mother was a white woman" [N.C. General Assembly Papers, 1840, box 7, N.C. Archives, cited by Pitt County Genealogical Quarterly, volume XIII, no. 1 (February 2006): 3, 8-9].

 

1.    Paul¹ Carter, born say 1620, was imported as a slave by Nathaniel Littleton of Northampton County, Virginia, in 1640 [Orders 1640-45, 42]. He was mentioned without a surname in the 1656 will of Littleton's wife Anne who left him to her son Edward [VMHB 75:17-21]. Edward Littleton mentioned Paul, his wife Hannah and their children by their surnames in his 1663 will to his wife Frances who later married Francis Pigot [DW 1657-66, 168]. Paul Carter and his wife were taxable in 1664 in Frances Littleton's household in Northampton County, Virginia:

Mr. Littletons Family

Wm Clements

peter George Negro

Paull Carter & wife

Ould Jack Negro 5 [Orders 1657-64, fol.198].

He probably died shortly afterwards since he was not mentioned again in the lists of tithables. His wife Hannah was freed by their then master, Francis Pigot, in May 1665. Francis Paine and Emmanuel Driggus promised Pigot that they would support her if necessary [DW 1665-68, pt.2, 15]. Hannah lived in the household of Bashaw Fernando and his wife where she was a taxable in 1668, 1671, 1675 and 1677 [Orders 1664-74, 55, fol.114; 1674-79, 75, 191]. Francis Pigot gave "Negroes" James Carter, Paul Carter and Anthony George to his son Ralph Pigot and gave "Negroes" Peter George and Edward Carter to his son Thomas Pigot by his 27 March 1684 will [OW 1683-9, 119-20]. Some of Paul and Hannah's children were freed and were the ancestors of the Carter family of Delaware, Maryland, North Carolina, and Virginia. Others remained slaves. Their children named  in the wills of their masters were

i. Elizabeth, born about 1640, a taxable "Nigro" in John Robins's household in 1665 [Orders 1664-74, 15].

2     ii. Edward¹, born say 1642.

iii. Paul², born say 1643.

iv. Mary, born say 1645.

3     v. Thomas¹, born about 1647.

vi. James¹, born about 1649, taxable in Francis Pigot's household in 1677 [OW 1674-1679, 191], probably remained a slave, a 56-year-old man listed in Ralph Pigot's 1705 estate inventory [DW 1692-1707, 417].

 

2.    Edward¹ Carter (Paul¹), born say 1642, was first taxable in Francis Pigot's Northampton County household in 1677 [Orders 1674-79, 191]. Pigot bequeathed him to his son Thomas Pigot in 1684 [OW 1683-9, 119-123]. He was called the "Negro slave to Mr. Thomas Pigot" on 29 September 1687 when he received thirty lashes for insolently abusing and striking a white woman named Elizabeth Sterling [OW 1683-89, 299-300, 309]. In 1714 he and William Whitehead posted bond for the maintenance of his grandchild, the child of his "mulatto" daughter Hannah [Orders 1711-16, 149]. The inventory of his Northampton County estate was recorded on 13 February 1727/8 [Wills, Deeds 1725-33, 104-5]. His children were

4     i. ?Edward², born say 1675.

5     ii. Hannah¹, born say 1690.

 

3.    Thomas¹ Carter (Paul¹), born about 1647, was a sixteen-year-old slave in 1663 [DW 1657-66, 168]. In 1665 and 1666 he and Peter George were taxed in Pigott's Northampton County household as "Negroes" Peter and Thomas, and in 1666 Captain Pigott charged free "Negro" Bastian Cane with harboring, concealing, and trading with them [Orders 1664-74, 15, fol.29]. He was a taxable "Negro" in Francis Pigot's household in 1667-1677 [Orders 1664-74, fol.42, p.55, fol.114; 1674-79, 75, 191]. In 1684 he, his wife Ellenor, and their daughters Elizabeth and Mary were freed by the will of their master, Francis Pigot, with the proviso that they pay his heirs 1,000 pounds of tobacco a year for ten years [OW 1683-89, 119-123]. Two years later in 1686, Pigot's heirs released them from these payments [OW 1683-89, 119-123]. On 28 September 1692 he was called "Thomas Carter Negro" when he successfully sued John Wescott for a debt of £1.6 in Northampton County court [OW&c 1689-98, 194]. In 1693 he apprenticed his children Elizabeth, Thomas, and Margaret to "his loving friend" William Gelding from the time of his own death until they reached the age of nineteen years. Gelding agreed to teach them to read and provide them with freedom dues [OW&c 1689-98, 250]. He died before 1699 when his wife Eleanor was called a widow [OW&c 1698-1710, 8]. Their children were

6     i. Elizabeth, born about 1678.

7     ii. Mary, born say 1681.

8     iii. Thomas², born say 1686.

iv. Margaret¹, born say 1688, apprenticed in 1693. She may have been the Margaret Carter who was living with John Crew when he gave her all his estate by his nuncupative Northampton County will. On 28 February 1709/10 Jean Grimes and James Sanders testified that Crew had changed his mind before his death, but the court ruled against them [OW&c 1698-1710, 517].

9     v. ?Edward³, born say 1690.

 

4.    Edward² Carter (Edward¹, Paul¹), born say 1675, was tithable on himself and a slave in the 1712 tax list for Beaufort Precinct, North Carolina. In 1716 he was taxed in Beaufort Precinct on 301 acres which he held by patent granted that same year [Haun, Old Albemarle County Records, 264]. By his 23 March 1735/6 New Hanover County will, proved 10 May 1736, he set his slave, Peter, free for sixty years and left land on the east side of the Northeast Branch of Cape Fear River to his grandchildren: William, Edward, Solomon, and Thomasin Carter [SS 877/142]. His children were not named in his will, but one of them was

10   i. ___ , born say 1695.

 

5.    Hannah¹ Carter (Edward¹, Paul¹), born say 1690, was called the daughter of Edward Carter in Northampton County court in 1714 when he and William Whitehead paid her fine for bearing an illegitimate child [Orders 1710-16, 149]. She was presented by the Northampton County court for bearing a total of six illegitimate children. William Brumfield, a white resident of Northampton County, swore in court in December 1721 that he was never "concerned carnally" with her [Orders 1719-22, 150]. She was a tithable "mulatto" in Ralph Pigot's household in 1724 and 1725, in William Waterson's household from 1726 to 1730, in Ralph Pigot's household in 1731, in Muns Bishop's household from 1737 to 1739, and in her own household in 1740 and 1741. She petitioned the court to release her son Thomas from his indenture to Thomas Costin because he was not teaching him a trade or giving him schooling and was planning to remove him from the county [L.P. #14 (1728 II)]. She died in 1741 [Orders 1732-42, 461, 467]. Her children were

11   i. Thomas³, born 7 December 1711.

12   ii. ?Elizabeth, born say 1714.

iii. Luke, born in 1715, bound to Absolem Satchell in 1716 [Orders 1710-16, 252].

iv. William², born about 1721, an illegitimate child for whom Hannah was fined 500 pounds of tobacco in December 1721. William Harmon, "Negro," paid the fine and indemnified the parish of any charges [Orders 1719-22, 144, 146]. On 8 April 1740 John Wilson complained to the court that he had maintained "William Carter a "Mulatto" from the age of two only to have him taken away by his mother Hannah when he was "upwards of sixteen." The court ordered William bound to John Wilson [Orders 1732-42, 395].

v. a "Mulatto" son of Hannah, born about 1724 [Orders 1732-42, 396].

vi. Southy, perhaps her illegitimate child, born before 11 May 1725, "Molatto" son of Hannah Carter [Orders 1722-29, 181].

vii. an illegitimate child, born about 1729, for whose birth Hannah was presented in May 1729 [Orders 1722-29, 382].

 

6.    Elizabeth Carter (Thomas¹, Paul¹), born about 1678, was a 27-year-old woman listed in the Northampton County inventory of Ralph Pigot's slaves in 1705. She and her children apparently remained slaves since they were listed with her in the inventory. They were

i. Edward⁴ (Ned), born about 1695, a ten-year-old in 1705. He was taxable with his sister Sarah in Culpepper Pigot's household from 1720 to 1722, and in Jacob Stringer's household in 1723.

ii. Hannah², born about 1698, a seven-year-old in 1705.

iii. Sarah, born about 1701, a four-year-old in 1705.

iv. Dinah, born about 1703, a two-year-old in 1705, perhaps the "Dinah Negro," taxable in John Pigot's household in 1720.

 

7.    Mary Carter (Thomas¹, Paul¹), born say 1681, "Daughter of Ellenor Carter widow," was free in Northampton County by 30 May 1699 when she was presented for having an unnamed illegitimate child by Daniel, a slave belonging to Daniel Benthall. She was again presented for bastardy in 1703 [OW&c 1698-1710, 8, 18, 165]. Her illegitimate children may have been

i. Jacob, probably born about 1699, tithable in Jacob Waterfield's Northampton County household in the list of Thomas Harmanson in 1720, tithable in Azaricum Drighouse's household in 1727, tithable with his wife Tabitha Copes in Azaricum's household in 1727, and tithable in his own household from 1728 to 1731 in James Forse's list.

ii. Lydia, probably born about 1703, presented by the grand jury of Northampton County on 11 May 1725 for having a bastard child [Orders 1722-29, 181]. She was a "Malatto" taxable in Thomas Costin's household in 1725 and taxable in her own household in Ralph Pigot's list for the lower precinct of Northampton County. She married John Driggers by 1728 when she was a taxable in his household. He died in 1729, and she was called Lydia Drighouse on 11 May 1731 when she was presented for having a bastard child [Orders 1729-32, 84].

 

8.    Thomas² Carter (Thomas¹, Paul¹), born say 1686, was bound by his father as an apprentice to William Gelding of Magotha Bay, Northampton County, in 1693 [OW 1689-98, 250]. On 20 June 1716 he was sued in Northampton County court by Daniel Jacobs who was granted an attachment against his estate for 1,100 pounds of tobacco [Orders 1711-16, 255]. He was a taxable in Daniel Jacob's household in 1720 in Hillary Stringer's list for Northampton County and was called "Tom Carter Negro" in Jacob Stringer's list for 1723. He was taxable in Northampton County from 1722 to 1729, with his wife Elizabeth from 1724 to 1733, and with their son Moses in 1727. He was called a "Mulatto man" on 8 October 1724 when he and Alice Cormack (a white woman) were whipped for harboring a slave named Caesar, belonging to John Armistead of Gloucester County, who was hanged for stealing goods from the store of John Robins [Orders 1722-29, 145-6]. He may have been the Thomas Carter "Mullattoe" who petitioned the Cumberland County, North Carolina court on 19 January 1758 to remove his grandchildren: Abraham, Penney, Moses, Samuel, and Elizabeth Carter from the possession of James Wright who was illegally detaining them. The court bound Abraham as an apprentice to Plunkett Ballard, and then the 18 April 1758 Cumberland court returned them all to the care of their mother Mary Carter. The 18 January 1759 court reversed the earlier court decision and returned them to James Wright [Minutes 1755-59, 32, 34, 45]. Thomas's children were

13   i. John², born say 1714.

ii. Moses¹, born about 1717, a 12-16 year old tithable in his father's household in 1729.

iii. ?Isaac¹, born say 1720, sold 149 acres on the north side of Eagle Swamp in Craven County, North Carolina, by an undated deed, 30 October ____, about 1745-49 [DB 2:82]. He was number 61 in the 25 October 1754 muster roll of Lewis Bryan's Craven County Company (not identified by race) [Clark, Colonial Soldiers of the South, 703]. He received a patent for 164 acres in Craven on the south side of the Great Contentnea in October 1755 [Hoffman, Land Patents, I:61].

14   iv. ?Mary, born say 1730

15   v. ?Margaret³, born say 1732.

16   vi. ?James², born say 1734.

 

9.    Edward³ Carter (Thomas¹, Paul¹), born say 1690, chose Daniel Jacobs "Negrow" as his guardian in Northampton County, Virginia, in 1707 [OW&c 1698-1710, 320]. He was taxable in his own household in Hillary Stringer's 1720 list for Northampton County, called "Edward Carter Negro" in the 1721-23 lists. He was taxable with his wife Margaret and his two boys, John and Edward, in 1724 and 1725 in John Robins's list, but was not tithable again in Northampton County. He purchased 300 acres in Bertie County, North Carolina, on the Potecasi Branch and the Indian Path in August 1730 [DB C:291]. This land was on the east side of Potecasi Creek in what was then Society Parish, Bertie County, and became Hertford County in 1759. On 10 May 1750 he and his wife Margaret made deeds of gift of 200 acres to two of their children, Margaret and Mary, who were taxed as "free Mulattos" in the 1751 Bertie tax list filed with the central government [CCR 190]. In 1757 he was in the list of John Brickell, next to his daughter Margaret and her husband James Nicken [C.R. 010.702.1, box 1]. Administration of his estate was granted to John Carter for £400 security on 22 January 1760 [Haun, Bertie County Court Minutes II:502]. Edward and Margaret's children were:

17    i. John¹, born say 1712.

ii. Edward⁵, born say 1714, a taxable 10-16 year old in Northampton County, Virginia, in 1724 and 1725.

iii. Mary, born say 1728, married Henry Best before 10 May 1750 when she was called wife of Henry Best in her parents' deed of gift to her of 200 acres on the east side of Potecasi Creek in Society Parish, Bertie County [DB G:354]. She and Henry were taxed as "free Mulatoes" in the 1751 Bertie County tax list filed with the central government [CCR 190], in the 1757 list of John Brickell with their slave, "Negro Santey," and in the 1758 list of John Brown [CR 10.702.1, box 1]. There are few surviving colonial Hertford County records, so there is no further record of them. However, a Mary Best was head of a Hertford County household of 3 white females and 3 slaves in 1790 [NC:26].

iv. Margaret², born say 1730, married James Nicken before 10 May 1750 she was called wife of James Nicken in her parents' deed of gift to her for 200 acres in Society Parish, Bertie County [DB G:356]. James and Margaret were taxed as "fr. Muls." in the 1750 Bertie County tax summary filed with the central government [CCR 190], and they were taxable in the 1757 list of John Brickell [CR 10.702.1, box 1].

 

10.    The unnamed child of Edward² Carter (Edward², Edward¹, Paul¹), born say 1695, was the parent of Edward¹ Carter's grandchildren who were named in his 23 March 1735/6 New Hanover County will. They were

i. William¹, born say 1715, was to receive his share of his grandfather's estate immediately since he was the oldest grandson. He and William Gray, executor of his father's estate, were granted 640 acres in Onslow County "in trust for the Grand Child of Edw^d Carter dece^d" on 19 June 1736 [Saunders, Colonial Records of North Carolina IV:221]. He may have been the William Carter who was number 11 in the 27 November 1752 New Hanover County muster roll of the Wilmington Company commanded by Captain George Merrick [Clark, Colonial Soldiers of the South, 683].

18   ii. Edward⁶, born say 1718.

19  iii. Solomon, born say 1725.

iv. Thomasin.

v. ?Elizabeth, married William Thompson who named his grandsons Lawrence Thompson and Ezekiel Carter who were both minors when Thompson made his will in 1785. (Elizabeth's brother?) Solomon Carter made a Duplin County deed of gift of 200 acres to Ezekiel Carter and Larance Thompson on 28 January 1790 for £10 paid by Elizabeth Tompson "for Love and friendship" [Deed Book E:68].

 

11.    Thomas³ Carter (Hannah¹, Edward¹, Paul¹), born 7 December 1712, a "Malato," was four years old on 20 August 1717 when his mother Hannah Carter, a "Mallatto," bound him to Thomas Costin in Northampton County, Virginia [L.P., Hannah Carter's Petition, Packet #14; Orders 1716-18, 34]. He was a "malotto" taxable in William Satchell's household in 1731. On 10 July 1733 his mother petitioned the court, complaining that his then-master William Satchell was not educating him. He had completed his indenture by 12 March 1733/4 when Satchell was ordered to pay him his freedom dues [Orders 1732-42, 68, 71, 95-6]. On 11 July 1738 he, called a "Mulatto planter," sued Francis Stokely for trespass, assault and battery and was awarded 15 shillings damages ("the Battery being proved"), and he was awarded 20 shillings on 14 November 1738 in his suit against Stephen Odeer for trespass, assault and battery ("the Battery being proved") [Orders 1732-42, 325, 326, 330, 334, 338]. He was a witness for Sarah Carter in her suit against John Hall, Jr., for 50 bushels of corn on 10 March 1741/2 [Orders 1732-42, 472]. He may have been the Thomas Carter who was a witness for Humphrey Jones in his 19 March 1753 York County, Virginia suit against John Rollison (Rawlinson). The parties by their counsel agreed that they were "Mulattos" [Judgments & Orders 1752-4, 196]. Thomas was fined 500 pounds of tobacco in Charles City County on 6 September 1758 for failing to list his wife as a tithable [Orders 1758-62, 57]. He may have been the ancestor of

20    i. Sally, born say 1729.

ii. William, born about 1758, enlisted in the Revolution for 18 months from Charles City County on 12 September 1780: age 22, 5'9" high, yellow complexion, a sawer, born in Charles City [Register & description of Noncommissioned officers & Privates, LVA accession no. 24296, by http://revwarapps.org/b69.pdf (p.41)]. He was taxable on 230 acres in Charles City County in 1790 and 200 acres in 1800 [Land Tax List 1790, 1800, LVA].

iii. Ishmael, married Elvey Martin, 20 June 1809 Charles City County bond [Wm & Mary Quarterly Historical Papers Vol. 8, No.3, p.193]. On 3 December 1811 Freeman Brown sold him 1 acre in Charles City County on the cross road leading from the Courthouse Road to Swineyard's Road for $1 "to have and to hold provided he leaves lawful issue" [DB 5:560]. He was taxable on a horse in Charles City County in 1811 and was a "Mulattoe" taxable there in 1813 [PPTL 1807-23].

iv. Charles, taxable in James City County from 1792 to 1800 [PPTL, 1782-1814] and taxable in York County on 1-2 horses from 1804 to 1807 [PPTL, 1782-1825, frames 295, 305, 315, 326]. James Cannaday and James Cannaday, Jr., posted $500 bond to settle his York County estate [Orders 1803-14, 257].

v. William, married Rhody Jones, 19 November 1808 York County bond, James Ashby surety.

vi. Littleton, taxable in York County from 1813 to 1820: taxable on a male and a female in a "list of free Negroes & Mulattoes over the age of 16" in 1813 [PPTL 1782-1841, frames 386, 404, 468, 480]. He married Susanna Ashby, 19 January 1818 York County bond, James Ashby surety.

vii. Harrison, a "Mulatto Boy" bound by the Pittsylvania County court on 25 April 1776 to Ayres Hodnett and bound to John Hunt Hendrick on 4 May 1777 [Orders 1776-91, 9; 1777-83, 5].

viii. Rebecca, a "Mulattoe girl" bound by the Pittsylvania County court to William Lynch on 4 May 1777 [Orders 1777-83, 6], listed with her unnamed daughter as "free negroes" in the 1813 tax list for Pittsylvania County [PPTL 1813-23].

 

12.    Elizabeth Carter (Hannah¹, Edward¹, Paul¹), born say 1714, a "Negroe," made oath in Northampton County, Virginia court on 8 October 1734 that William Roberts was the father of her illegitimate child. John Kendall paid her fine [Orders 1732-42, 136]. She was presented by the court on 8 May 1750 and 11 June 1755 for having other illegitimate children. She was charged with felony on 24 November 1775 but found not guilty [Orders 1748-51, 207, 230; 1753-8, 219; 1771-7, 303-5]. She was probably the mother of

i. Henry, born in June 1755, bound to John Storpe to learn the tailor's trade on 10 July 1765 [Minutes 1761-5, 179].

ii. Isaiah, born in March 1758, twelve years old on 12 June 1770 when he was bound to Thomas Bullock [Minutes 1765-71, 372]. He was taxable in Northampton County from 1787 to 1813: taxable on 2 free males and a horse in 1802, a "Negro" living in the Indian Town from 1811 to 1813 [PPTL, 1782-1823, frames 64, 207, 326, 388, 487, 531]. He registered as a "free Negro" in Northampton County on 10 June 1794 [Orders 1789-95, 354].

iii. James⁵, born 15 February 1759, a six-year-old "negro" bound to Thomas Pettit on 14 August 1765 and bound to Anne Pettit, widow, on 13 January 1778 [Minutes 1765-71, 8, 33]. He was a "Mulatto" or "free Negro" taxable in Northampton County from 1787 to 1805, free from taxation in 1806, living in the Indian town of Northampton County in 1809 and 1810 [PPTL, 1782-1823, frames 64, 125, 207, 345, 408, 447, 467, 530]. He registered as a "free Negro" in Northampton County on 10 June 1794 [Orders 1789-95, 354]. James Carter, Sr., was head of a Northampton County household of 4 "free colored" in 1820 [VA:217]. He was about 73 years old and resident of Hungar's Parish, Northampton County, on 10 September 1832 when he appeared in court to apply for a pension for his services in the Revolution. He stated that he enlisted from Northampton County for 18 months early in the war to garrison a fort on Kings Creek in Northampton County and served the time. Six months after his discharge he crossed the Chesapeake Bay and enlisted in Portsmouth in the 2^nd Virginia Regiment of Artillery commanded by Colonel Thomas Marshall. He received bounty land of 200 acres for the 5 years of service [NARA, S.9162, M804, http://fold3.com/image/246/12845878].

 

13.    John² Carter (Thomas², Thomas¹, Paul¹), born say 1714, was tithable in Azaricum Drighouse's Northampton County, Virginia household in 1730. He was a "free Negro" listed in the 4 October 1754 and 4 October 1755 muster roll of Craven County, North Carolina, for the district between the head of Slocumb's Creek and the head of Turnagain Bay. This is near the Craven - Carteret County line. Listed in this same muster roll were "free Negro" Peter George, and Jacob Copes who were also from Northampton County, Virginia. John may have been the same John Carter who two years earlier was in New Hanover County in the 27 November 1752 muster roll of the Wilmington Company commanded by Captain George Merrick (no race mentioned) [Clark, Colonial Soldiers of the South, 708, 683]. Perhaps his children were

21    i. Abel, born say 1732.

ii. Tabitha¹, born say 1750, mother of 6-year-old Jane Carter who was bound apprentice to Thomas Shine by the 11 March 1772 Craven County court [Minutes 1766-75, 191a]. Jenny was head of a Craven County household of 1 "other free" in 1790 [NC:134].

 

14.    Mary Carter (Thomas², Thomas¹, Paul¹), born say 1732, was the mother of five "Mullatoe" children named in her father's 19 January 1758 Cumberland County, North Carolina petition [Minutes 1755-59, 32]. They were

i. Abraham, born about 1750.

ii. Penney, born about 1752.

iii. Moses², born about 1754, about three years old on 18 April 1758 when the Cumberland County court ordered him bound to James Wright. He was a "man of color" who enlisted as a private in Captain Joseph Rhodes's 1^st Regiment on 19 July 1782 until 1 July 1783. He made a declaration to obtain a pension in Sampson County on 25 October 1820 [NARA, S41470, M805-167, frame 0077]. He purchased 100 acres on the west side of Six Runs and Rowan Swamp in Sampson County on 13 May 1788 [DB 9:175] and was taxable on 1 black poll in Sampson County in 1784 [GA 64.1], head of a Sampson County household of 9 "other free" in 1790 [NC:52], 8 in 1800 [NC:515], 4 white males and 5 white females in 1810 [NC:485], and 6 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:278]. His wife may have been Susanna Carter, the executrix of the 1807 Sampson County will of her father Abraham Jacobs who also owned land near Rowan Swamp.

iv. Samuel, born about 1755.

v. Elizabeth, born about 1757.

 

15.    Margaret³ Carter (Thomas², Thomas¹, Paul¹), born say 1732, was a "free Mustee Woman" living in Cumberland County, North Carolina, on 22 June 1759 when the court bound her two-year-old child Henry Carter as an apprentice to James Wright [Minutes 1755-59, 50]. Her son was

i. Henry, born about 1757, two years old when he was bound to James Wright on 22 June 1759. He was taxable on a black poll in Sampson County in 1784 [GA 64.1], head of a Sampson County household of 8 "other free" in 1790 [NC:52], 8 "other free" in 1800 [NC:515], 4 white males and 3 white females in 1810 [NC:485], and 10 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:278].

 

16.    James² Carter (Thomas², Thomas¹, Paul¹), born say 1734, was a taxable "Mulato" in Bladen County, North Carolina, with his son Isaac in 1768 and head of a Bladen County household of a white male 21 to 60, 4 white males under 21 or over 60, and 6 white females in 1786 [Byrd, Bladen County Tax Lists, I:5, 34, 81, 94, 103, 134; II:68, 76, 182, 183, 184]. He purchased 200 acres in Bladen County on Hogg Swamp east of Tadpole from his son Isaac on 7 March 1783 [DB 1:32]. He was the father of

i. Isaac², born say 1754, a "Molato" taxable in his father's Bladen County household from 1768 to 1776, head of a Bladen County household of a white male 21 to 60, 2 under 21 or over 60 and 3 white females in 1786. He was granted 200 acres in Bladen County on Hogg Swamp east of Tadpole on 11 March 1775 and sold this land to his father on 7 March 1783 [DB 1:32].

ii. James⁴, a "Molato" taxable in the Bladen County household of his father James Carter, Sr., in 1770, taxable head of his own Bladen County household in 1776, head of a household of a white male 21 to 60, 1 under 21 or over 60 and 5 white females in 1786.

iii. ?Mark, a "Molato" taxable in the Bladen County household of (his father?) James Carter in 1776, head of a Bladen County household of 1 white male from 21 to 60 and 2 white females in 1786. He received voucher nos. 657 and 4408 for a total of £30 in Wilmington District on 6 February 1782 and 27 August 1783 based on the payroll for the militia [North Carolina Revolutionary Pay Vouchers, 1779-1782, http://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q2WT-R9KP, Carter, Mark]. He was taxable on 200 acres in Bladen County in Captain Regan's District in 1784 and head of a Robeson County household of 4 "other free" in 1800. He sold land in Robeson County by deed proved on 9 July 1800 and purchased land by deed proved on 6 October 1801 [Minutes 1797-1806, 120, 171].

iv. ?Emmanuel, born perhaps 1765, received voucher no. 126 for £12 by the auditors for the counties of Washington and Sullivan on 20 June 1782 for service in the Revolution [North Carolina Revolutionary Pay Vouchers, 1779-1782, http://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q2WT-L2YW]. He was listed in the North Carolina Revolutionary War Army Accounts [N.C. Archives, State Treasurer Group, Military Papers, Revolutionary Army Accounts, I:81, folio 2]. He entered 100 acres in Robeson County on Poplar Bay near Jacobs Swamp on 22 September 1789 [Pruitt, Land Entries: Robeson County, I:28], purchased 50 acres in Robeson Cpimtu on Ashpole Swamp from James Lowery by deed proved in 1797 [DB G:142] and sold land in Robeson County by deed proved on 7 April 1800 [Minutes 1797-1806, 99]. He was head of a Robeson County household of 5 "other free" in 1790 [NC:50]. His wife may have been Nancy Carter who was named in the 20 October 1787 Robeson County will of her father David Braveboy [WB 1:10].

 

17.    John¹ Carter (Edward³, Thomas¹, Paul¹), born say 1712, was a 10 to 16 year old taxable in his father's Northampton County, Virginia household in 1724 and 1725. He was granted administration of Edward Carter's Bertie County estate on 22 January 1760 [Haun, Bertie County Court Minutes, II:502]. He bought 360 acres on the east side of Potecasi Creek in Bertie County on 11 February 1746, and he and his wife Ann, "late of Society Parish," sold this land four years later on 25 February 1750 [DB G:370]. He was taxed on himself, his wife Ann, and slaves Dick and Pat from 1757 to 1759 in the Bertie County tax list of John Brickell [CR 010.702.1, box 1]. He bought 230 acres on the north side of Ahoskie Swamp near Jackson's Ferry on the Chowan River and Bonner Bridge in what was then Bertie County but became Hertford County after 1759 [DB H:405]. His children may have been

i. Winifred, born about 1756, "orphan of John Carter," bound apprentice to Miles Mason Shehan and his wife in Bertie court on 30 August 1764 [NCGSJ XIV:29].

21   ii. Charles, born say 1758.

 

18.    Edward⁶ Carter (_____, Edward², Edward¹, Paul¹), born say 1718, was not yet twenty-one years old when his grandfather Edward² Carter made his 23 March 1735/6 New Hanover County will. He patented 330 acres on the south side of the Neuse River and west side of Panther Creek on 12 April 1745 [Hoffman, Land Patents, I:253] and was residing in New Hanover County on 31 August that same year when he purchased 170 acres adjoining this land in what was then Craven County but later became Dobbs County [Craven DB 2:554]. On 5 September 1764 he successfully sued James Farr for a little over £8 in New Hanover County court [Minutes 1738-69, 221]. He acquired land in Dobbs, Duplin, and Craven counties, holding a total of 1,870 acres by 11 December 1770. In addition to these 1,870 acres there were twenty-two grantee deeds registered to him in Dobbs County between 1750 and 1799. Only the deed index to these deeds has survived.; most other Dobbs County records were lost in a courthouse fire. Edward was taxable in 1769 in Dobbs County with (his wife?) Elizabeth and eight slaves:

Edward Carter, Elizabeth, John Clemmons, "Couzuns" Bib and Bush; Negroes Jack, Frank, Cudjo, Dinah, Cate, Violet, Pat and Dinah 5 white polls and 8 black polls [SS 837, p.7].

Edward was number 55 (and his brother Solomon, number 56) in an undated colonial muster roll of a company of foot soldiers in the Dobbs County Militia of Captain William Whitfield [Clark, Colonial Soldiers of the South, 641-2]. He was one of the inhabitants of Dobbs County whose firelock was pressed into service during the 1771 expedition against the insurgents [Clark, State Records of North Carolina, XXII:413]. While residing in Dobbs County on 12 October 1772 he sold 100 acres on the northeast side of Cape Fear and east side of Cypress Swamp in what was then Duplin County to his brother Solomon Carter [DB 3:437]. This was land Edward purchased on 22 April 1763 and was part of New Hanover County when their grandfather made his will [DB 15:506]. A month later on 27 November 1772, while still a resident of Dobbs County, he sold 85 acres of his Craven County land on the north side of Trent River [DB 20:164].

On 13 February 1773 the Dobbs County court recommended to the General Assembly that Edward's daughters be exempted from the discriminatory tax against female children of African Americans. The court named his daughters: Tamer Deaver, Margaret, Rachel, Ann, Sally, Patience, and Elizabeth Carter [Saunders, Colonial Records of North Carolina, IX:495]. In 1778 he entered a total of 958 acres in Dobbs County [Entries 139-40, 337-39, 362]. He was the fourth largest Dobbs County landowner with an estate valued at ,23,292 in 1780 in the district south of the Neuse River near Kinston [GA 46.1, p.8]. He was called Edward Carter of Dobbs County on 11 April 1781 when he was allowed ,1,500 for services to the Revolution, which included 250 pounds of beef in February 1780 and another 700 pounds in December 1780 [North Carolina Revolutionary Pay Vouchers, 1779-1782, http://familysearch.org/search/collections/1498361, Carter, Edward]. On 8 October 1784 he was called "Edward Carter of Dobbs" when he bought 300 acres in Duplin County on the north side of the Northeast Cape Fear River and in the fork of Buck Marsh and Poley Bridge Branch with Solomon Carter as witness [DB 1A:133]. He was head of a Dobbs County household of 8 "other free," a white woman who was probably his wife, and 20 slaves in 1790 [NC:137]. He died before 19 March 1796 when the Superior Court for the New Bern District summoned his heirs John and Henry Carter of Lenoir County to appear in the suit of ejectment against him, his death having been reported by Bibby Bush and Willis Hines. The same summons was also issued for Edward's heir Solomon Carter in Duplin County [Wills and estate papers (Craven County), 1663-1978, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/456868, file 5122974, image 553]. His children were

i. ?George¹, born say 1745, sold land by deed registered in Dobbs County between April 1765 and April 1769 [DB 7:77].

ii. Tamer Deaver, perhaps the wife of John Dever, a Dobbs County taxable in 1769 [SS 837, p.7].

iii. Margaret⁴, granted land by her father by deed registered in Dobbs County between April 1789 and April 1792 [DB 14:212]. She was head of a Lenoir household of 5 "other free" in 1800 [NC:31] and 2 "other free" in 1810 [NC:305].

iv. Rachel Bush, born say 1750, perhaps the wife of Bibby Bush, a taxable in Dobbs County in 1769 [SS 837, p.5], and taxable on 2,138 acres in 1780 [GA 46.1]. Fourteen Dobbs County grantee deeds to him were registered between 1784 and 1803 [DB 8:106, 145, 11:315 (from Edward Carter), 13:114 (from Edward Carter), 14:547, 17:324, 18:116, 18:223 (from Edward Carter); 19:123, 151, 173 (from Chelly Carter); 20:71 (from Henry Carter), 97 (from John Carter), 72]. Rachel sold land to Barnabas McKinnie by deed registered in Dobbs County between 1805 and August 1810 [DB 23:104] and was head of a Lenoir County household of 7 "other free" and 4 slaves in 1810 [NC:297].

v. ?James³, born say 1752, taxable in Dobbs County in 1769 (in the household of Robert Crawford) [SS 837], head of a Lenoir County household of 2 "other free" and a white woman in 1800 [NC:31] and 5 "other free" in 1810 [NC:305]. He purchased land from Margaret Carter by deed registered in Dobbs County between 1796 and 1798 [DB 17:278], purchased land by deed registered between 1799 and 1801 [DB 19:156], and by five deeds registered between 1810 and 1819 [DB 24:169, 211, 323, 338, and 352].

vi. Ann.

vii. Sally.

viii. Patience, granted land by her father by deed registered in Dobbs County between April 1789 and April 1792 [DB 14:159].

ix. Elizabeth.

x. ?John⁴, married Elizabeth Johnston, 5 __ 1780 Duplin County bond, (his brother-in-law?) Bebe Bush witness. John was taxable on 1,942 acres in Dobbs County in 1780 [G.A. 46.1]. (His father?) Edward Carter conveyed land to him by deed registered in Dobbs County between April 1789 and April 1792 [DB 14:377]. John was head of a Lenoir County household of 4 "other free" and a white woman in 1800 [NC:30].

xi. ?Henry, head of a Lenoir County household of 3 "other free," a white woman, and a slave in 1800 [NC:30] and 4 "other free" in 1810 [NC:286]. He sold land by deeds registered in Dobbs County from 1799 to 1801 [DB 19:283], 1802 to 1803 [DB 20:71], and 1823 to 1828 [DB 26:57].

xii. ?Nancy, granted land by (her father?) Edward Carter by deed registered in Dobbs County between April 1789 and April 1792 [DB 14:337].

 

19.    Solomon Carter (_____, Edward², Edward¹, Paul¹), born say 1725, was not yet twenty-one years old when his grandfather Edward Carter made his 23 March 1735/6 New Hanover County will. He was a resident of Duplin County on 6 May 1758 when he purchased 300 acres in Craven County near the Duplin County line on the north side of Tuckahoe Creek, known by the name of Springs [DB 2:208]. He sold this land on 12 September 1763 while a resident of Duplin County [DB 11:283]. He received patents for 300 acres in Dobbs County on the north side of Tuckahoe Creek on 27 April 1767 and 360 acres in Duplin County on the Northeast Branch of Cape Fear River on both sides of Matthew's Branch on 29 April 1768 [Hoffman, Land Patents, II:347, 437]. He was in Dobbs County with his brother Edward, listed in the undated muster roll of foot soldiers in Captain William Whitfield's Company [Clark, Colonial Soldiers of the South, 642] and bought land from Edward in Duplin County on 12 October 1772 [DB 3:437]. He sold land by a deed registered in Dobbs County between April 1771 and April 1773 [DB 9:132] and purchased land by deeds proved in Dobbs from 1799 to 1801 [DB 19:204] and 1805 to 1810 [DB 23:6, 143, 154]. On 18 December 1781 and 22 March 1782 he received voucher nos. 245 and 2274 for £1.10 in Wilmington District for service in the militia [North Carolina Revolutionary Pay Vouchers, 1779-1782, http://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q2WT-L27R, Carter, Solomon]. On 15 November 1796 he testified that he was in company with William Taylor on Cape Fear River near Rockfish Creek under the command of General Moore a few days before General Caswell defeated the Tories at Moore's Creek [North Carolina and Tennessee, Revolutionary War Land Warrants, 1783-1843, Roll 07: Revolutionary Warrants, 1783-1799 (Nos. 4135-4520), frame 359 of 608, ancestry.com]. He was head of a  Duplin County household of 2 white males, a white female, and 3 slaves in 1790 [NC:190] and 4 "other free" and 3 slaves in 1800. He transferred his land to his sons by deeds which were apparently not recorded. On 30 January 1806 he was allowed the use of the plantation where he was living for the remainder of his life by a deed from his son David [DB 4A:4]. Constant Carter,  apparently Solomon's widow, sold to (her son?) Alexander Carter of Duplin County 26 cattle "in consideration of a bond for maintaining s^d Constant during her natural lifetime" on 29 August 1809. Alexander Carter was administrator of Solomon's estate. On 22 October 1811 Henry Grady examined the accounts of the estate and divided $1,709 and four plots of land (one of them in Lenoir County) among the widow Constance Carter, David Carter, Edward Carter, Manuel Carter, Alexander Carter, Lydia Carter (wife of John Blizzard), and Leah Carter (wife of Jonathan Nickens) [Duplin County Estate file: Carter, Solomon. N.C. State Archives]. Their children were

i. David, born say 1760, head of a Duplin county household of 5 white males and 1 white female in 1790 [NC:191] and 9 "other free" in 1800. On 30 January 1806 he sold 235 acres in Duplin County which had been Solomon Carter's with the proviso that his father have use of part of the plantation until his death [DB 4A:4].

22   ii. ?Edward⁷, born circa 1765.

iii. Leah Cartey, born say 1765, married Ezekiah Blizzard, 19 December 1782 Duplin County bond. She was apparently identical to Keziah Blizzard who married Jonathan Nickens, 18 January 1803 Duplin County bond, Solomon Carter bondsman. On 27 December 1811 Alexander Carter sold Leah Carter of Lenoir County 146 acres of land in Duplin County [DB 4A:392].

iv. ?John Edward, a "man of color" living in Duplin County during the Revolution when a company of troops hired him to serve for a year. He went to Charleston, was taken prisoner by the British and never heard from again [NARA, S.21911, M804, http://fold3.com/image/17127338]. He made a 25 June 1779 Duplin County will, proved April 1783, by which he named his wife Rachel and left his lands to his son George Green Carter [North Carolina, Wills and Probate Records, 1665-1998 (database on-line), Original Wills, Ancestry.com database on-line].

v. Lydia, married J. Blizzard according to the division of the estate of her father. John Blizzard who was head of a Duplin County household of 6 "other free" in 1800.

vi. Manuel, born say 1770, married Fereba Alberson, 15 November 1789 Duplin County bond, Solomon Carter bondsman. He was head of a Duplin household of 1 white male and 1 white female in 1790 [NC:191] 6 "other free" in 1800 and counted as white in Duplin County in 1810: head of a household of 7 males, 2 of them over 45 years old, a woman over 45 years old, and a slave [NC:690]. He sold 250 acres on the east side of the fork of Northeast & Matthews Branch in Duplin County on 6 March 1804 for $450 [DB 3A:536], sold 150 acres on the great branch across Beaverdam on 7 July 1807 for $150 [DB 4A:306], and sold a further 100 acres in Duplin on Northeast Swamp and the south side of Matthews Branch on 9 February 1808 for $100 [DB 3A:513].

vii. Alexander, born say 1775, married Sarah Herring, 6 June 1795 Duplin County bond, Solomon Carter bondsman. He was head of a Duplin County household of 4 "other free" in 1800. On 5 December 1806 he sold 100 acres in Duplin which had previously belonged to Solomon Carter, and on 29 August 1809 he made a deed with Constant Carter, probably his mother, to maintain her for life [DB 3A:550; 4A:79]. He made 10 purchases and sales of land in Duplin County between 1806 and 1813 [DB 3A:306, 550, 556; 4:284, 392, 393, 394, 396, 402, 462]. One was for land at the head of Carter's Mill Pond and Juniper Branch adjacent to Jonathan Nickens, a relative of James Nickens who married Margaret Carter of Hertford County. He was head of a Duplin County household of 5 "free colored" and 6 slaves in 1820.

 

20.    Sarah Carter, born about 1729, was a "free" head of a Williamsburg City household of 1 "black" person in the 1782 census [VA:45]. She was a 73-year-old sewer counted in the 1803 List of Free Negroes for Petersburg with Lewis Ellis (73) and Katy Ellis (52) [List of People of Color in Petersburg 1803, African American Narrative Digital Collection, LVA]. Lewis registered in Petersburg on 6 December 1794: a light brown Negro man, 5'5^1/2" high, about 64 yrs old. Liberated and set free by last will and testament of W^m Parsons dec^d in Pr Geo County [Register of Free Negroes 1794-1819, no. 95]. Sarah may have been the mother of

i. Jacob, born about 1757, registered in Petersburg on 8 June 1810: a brown Mulatto man, 5'5-1/2" high, about 53 yrs old...Born free per certificate of registry of clk of Norfolk Borough in 1794. A seaman by trade. He emancipated his wife Ritter who registered in Petersburg on 10 March 1802: a light brown Mulatto woman, 5'51/2" high, about 43 yrs old, with short bushy hair, her upper teeth before out. Emancipated in Hustings ct of Petersburg by Jacob Carter [Register of Free Negroes 1794-1819, nos. 407, 543].

ii. Moses, born about 1762, a 40-year-old waterman, in the List of Free Negroes for Petersburg in 1802 with wife Lucy Lucas and (her mother?) Jenny Lucas [List of People of Color in Petersburg 1803, African American Narrative Digital Collection, LVA]. He registered in Petersburg on 12 January 1809: a light brown Mulatto man, near 5'10" high in shoes...Born free and raised in Wmsburg [Register of Free Negroes 1794-1819, no. 450].

iii. John, married Aggy King, 9 November 1805 Petersburg bond, Edward Stewart surety.

 

21.    Abel Carter (John², Thomas², Thomas¹, Paul¹), born say 1732, was "a Molatto" accused by the March 1750 session of the Craven County court of concealing his taxables [Haun, Craven County Court Minutes, IV:31]. He was not penalized because the court accepted his defense that he was living with his father who was never legally warned by the   constable. He was listed as a "free Negro" with John Carter in Abner Neale's 1754 and 1755 Craven County muster roll [Clark, Colonial Soldiers of the South, 708]. Abel was taxable in Craven County on 2 Black males and 3 Black females in 1769 [SS 837]. On 14 November 1778 an advertisement in the North Carolina Gazette of New Bern accused him of harboring a runaway slave:

negro fellow named Smart...Tis supposed he is harboured about Smith River by one Abel Carter, a free Negro, as he has been seen there several times [Fouts, NC Gazette of New Bern, I:83].

He was head of a Craven County household of 7 "other free" persons in 1790 [NC:130]. He died before 13 June 1807 when his estate was sold. William Dove, Jr., John Fenner, Jacob Dove, Isaac Jesop, George Jesop, William Howard, Kelser Braddick, Jamesann Godett, Silas Richards, Jacob Moore, Jeffery Sampson, Lainah Howard, and Abel Moore were buyers at the sale of the estate. John Fenner was administrator [North Carolina, Wills and Probate Records, 1665-1998, Wills and Estate Papers, Craven County, Abel Carter, Ancestry.com database on-line]. His children may have been

i. John³, born about 1754, enlisted in Captain Quinn's 10^th Regiment commanded by Colonel Davidson for 9 months on 20 July 1778. He was engaged in skirmishes near West Point and Kings Ferry. He was a cooper living with his sister Margaret Fenner when he made a declaration in September term 1820 of the Craven County court to obtain a pension. Asa Spelman testified on his behalf. He died before 30 July 1821 [NARA, R.1749, M805-166, frame 497]. He was identical to John Caster who enlisted in Quinn's Company on 20 July 1778 [Clark, The State Records of North Carolina, XVI:1034]. He was one of two John Carters who were heads of "other free" Carteret County households in 1790 [NC:128, 129].

24   ii. George², born about 1755.

25   iii. Isaac³, born say 1760.

iv. Margaret⁵ Fenner, sister of John³ Carter, called Margaret Moore in June 1797 when she petitioned the Craven County court for permission to manumit her "negro man slave" named Jack Fennel who was her husband by whom she had a number of children. Through his industry they had acquired a 200 acre plantation stocked with cattle and hogs [Byrd, In Full Force and Virtue, 41]. He was taxable on 300 acres and no polls in Craven County in 1815 [T&C, Box 3, frame 35 of 48]. John Fenner, Sr., was head of a Craven County household of 5 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:65]. He, called John Phenner/ Fenner/ Fenno, left a 20 July 1810 Craven County will, proved in May 1822, by which he left 100 acres to his son Gambo, 100 acres to his son John, 100 acres to son Thomas, 10 shillings to his "Disobedient" daughter Comfort, and left household goods and farm animals to his wife Margaret. George Godett, Sr. (signing), and Mary Carter (making her mark) witnessed the will [WB C:213-4]. The inventory of his estate was taken on 15 May 1822 by Gambo Fenner (signing) and recorded in August 1822. Comfort married William Braddock, 23 November 1807 Craven County bond and Gambo married Deborah Dove, 29 April 1812 Craven County bond. John's son John died about 1854, and his wife Serena sued his other heirs for her dower rights to 33^1/3 acres on the southside of the Neuse River. In 1867 Thomas Fenner and his wife Penny (Carter) sued thirteen other Fenner descendants for the division of 240 acres on the southside of the Neuse River and Mitchell's Creek [North Carolina Estate Files, 1663-1979, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/456868, film 5123347, images 935, 941].

v. Joshua, head of a Craven County household of 4 "other free" in 1790 [NC:130]. He received £4 pay for 40 days service in the Craven County Militia under Major John Tillman in an expedition to Wilmington [Haun, Revolutionary Army Accounts, Journal A, 141].

vi. Solomon, born about 1773, a "Free Negro Boy Aged Five Years," apprenticed as a cooper to Richard Neale by the 13 March 1778 Craven County court [Minutes 1772-84, vol. 1, p.70c].

vii. Mary, purchased her husband Anthony from Aaron Brown and emancipated him with permission from the Craven County court in September 1802 [Craven County, pre-Civil War related papers, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/1273813, film 8358133, frame 682 of 1209]. She purchased 101^1/2 acres on the south side of the Neuse River and east side of Cahoogue Creek on 29 September 1801 for £60 in partnership with Isaac Dove, and she sold her half to (her husband) Anthony Brown for $60 on 15 June 1803 [DB 35:156; 36:412]. Anthony Brown married Frances Sampson, 3 September 1808 Craven County bond, Peter George surety. On 14 November 1839 Mary's heirs Abel Moore, John Fenner, Thomas Fenner and Amber Moore sold Jacob Dove a release for this land for $1 by Craven County deed [DB 54:279].

viii. Tabitha², born say 1785, received her husband William from Horton Howard by Craven County deed of 30 September 1805: for the affectionate regard he hath for a Negro or black man named Will or William the younger (son of Old Will) who belonged to me by the division of the estate of my father Bartholomew Howard and the regard he hath for Tabitha Carter, she having Married the said William, that liberty which I believe the right of all mankind [DB 36:731]. Tabitha married William Howard, 9 June 1807 Craven County bond, James Godett bondsman. William Howard, born before 1776, was head of Craven County household of 6 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:65].

 

22.    Charles Carter (John¹, Edward³, Thomas¹, Paul¹), born say 1758, purchased 50 acres in Halifax County, North Carolina, joining Rosser, Carter, Johnson, and Cymons Branch on 24 August 1779 from John Carter [DB 14:287]. He was taxable on 150 acres in Halifax County in District 6 in 1782, the same district as John Toney [GA 46.1] and was head of a Halifax County household of 5 "other free" in 1790 [NC:61]. He may have been the father of

i. Randol, head of a Halifax County household of 1 "other free" in 1790, adjacent to Charles Carter [NC:61]. He purchased 50 acres in Halifax County from Exum and Nancy James, which was land she received by the division of the estate of her father Solomon Hawkins for $50 on 20 January 1831 [DB 29:6].

ii. Frederick, head of a Halifax County household of 1 "other free" in 1790, adjacent to Randol Carter [NC:61], perhaps the Frederick Carter who was head of a Haywood County, North Carolina household of 11 "free colored" in 1830.

iii. Samuel, head of a Halifax County household of 1 "other free" in 1800 [NC:298], 6 in 1810 [NC:9], and 11 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:144].

iv. William³, born say 1775, head of a Halifax County household of 1 "other free" in 1800 [NC:298].

 

23.    Edward⁷ Carter (Solomon, _____, Edward², Edward¹, Paul¹), born say 1765, was head of a Duplin County household of 2 white males and a white female in 1790 [NC:190] and 5 "other free" in 1800. He and his son Elisha Carter, "son of Edward & Rachel his wife," received a deed of gift of 150 acres in Duplin County from Solomon Carter on 18 September 1797 [DB 3A:425]. His child was

i. Elisha, born 19 April 1792, moved to Washington County, Virginia, where on 20 April 1813 he sold the 150 acres in Duplin County deeded to him and his father in 1797. His mother Rachel testified that he was then twenty-one years old [Duplin DB 4A:462].

 

24.    George² Carter (Abel, John², Thomas², Thomas¹, Paul¹), born say 1755, was head of a Carteret County household of 10 "other free" in 1790 [NC:129]. He may have been the George Carters who received voucher no. 1178 for £21 specie for military service on 4 November 1782 [North Carolina Revolutionary Pay Vouchers, 1779-1782, http://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q2WT-LGQF]. He purchased 150 acres in Craven County on the south side of the Neuse River and southwest side of Adams Creek for $100 on 5 November 1809 [DB 37:741]. He married (second?) Sarah Kelly, 8 September 1818 Craven County bond, Peter George surety. His 21 March 1820 Craven County will, proved June the same year, left 30 acres to his son Theophilus, and divided the remainder between his wife Sarah and his children [WB C:191]. His children were named in a 4 November 1821 deed by which his heirs sold land on the south side of the Neuse River near the head of Adams Creek [DB 43:82]. William Dove, Abel Moore, Alesy Moore, Peter Richards, George Roberson, Sarah Carter, Theophilus Carter, Jacob Dove, William Carter, Mary Copes, and Peter George were buyers at the sale of his estate on 20 May 1820 [Wills and estate papers (Craven County), 1663-1978, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/456868, file 5122974, image 557]. His widow Sarah Carter, "a free woman of colour Widow of George Carter," made a 10 June 1834 Craven County will, proved November 1837, by which she left all her property in trust for Betsy Robinson, wife of George Robinson [WB C:405]. George's children were

i. Theophilus, born 1776-94, head of a Craven County household of 7 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:65], perhaps named for Theophilus Norwood of Carteret County. He married Betsy George, 16 November 1804 Craven County bond, George Carter bondsman. He sold 30 acres in Craven County near the head of Adams Creek, being the land his father lived on, on 8 May 1820 for $60, with Gambo Fenner as witness [DB 42:323].

ii. Hannah³, wife of Peter George.

iii. William⁴, born 1794-1806, head of a Craven County household of 7 "free colored" in 1820 [NC:65]. His wife was named Nancy according to the 4 November 1821 deed by which he sold his father's land.

iv. Charity, wife of Jacob Dove.

v. Elizabeth, wife of Abel Moore.

vi. Polly, wife of Ambrose Moore.

vii. Elsey, wife of John Moore.

 

25.   Isaac³ Carter (Abel, John², Thomas², Thomas¹, Paul¹), born say 1760, was a private, enlisted for 3 years, in the roll of Captain Clement Hall's Company in the 2^nd North Carolina Battalion commanded by Colonel John Patten at White Plains on 9 September 1778 with Isaac Perkins, Martin Black, Cader/ Cato Copeland and Sesar Santee [NARA, M246, roll 79, frame 106 of 323]. On 20 February 1784 he received £1 for militia duty in Craven County [North Carolina Revolutionary Pay Vouchers, 1779-1782, http://familysearch.org/search/collection/1498361, Carter, Isaac]. He married Sarah Perkins, 3 February 1786 Craven County bond, George Perkins bondsman. Isaac was head of a Craven County household of 5 "other free" in 1790 [NC:131]. His children were bound apprentices with his consent to William Physioc in Craven County on 11 March 1811. They were also named in the Craven County will of their uncle Isaac Perkins [WB C:326]. He purchased 40 acres on the south side of Bay River and west side of Trent Creek from Isaac Perkins for $50 on 3 February 1827, and on 12 May 1829 the sheriff sold 150 acres of land on the south side of the Neuse River on Handcock's Creek to Hardy L. Jones for debts owed by Isaac and George Carter [DB 47:16; 46:354]. His children were

i. William⁵, born about 1797, fourteen years old when he was bound apprentice on 11 March 1811.

ii. Sarah, born about 1801, ten years old when she was bound apprentice on 11 March 1811.

iii. Mehetabel/ Hetty, born about 1802, nine years old when she was bound apprentice on 11 March 1811.

iv. Isaac⁴, born about 1806, five years old when he was bound apprentice on 11 March 1811.

 

Members of the family who remained on the Eastern Shore of Virginia were

i. Mitta, head of a St. George's Parish, Accomack County household of 2 "other free" and 1 slave in 1800 [Virginia Genealogist 2:131].

ii. Ben, head of an Accomack County household of 3 "other free" in 1800 [Virginia Genealogist 1:105].

iii. Ezekiel, born before 1776, "Brick layer," head of a Northampton County household of 6 "free colored" in 1820 [VA:216A].

iv. Hannah, born before 1776, head of a Northampton County household of 8 "free colored" in 1820 [VA:217A].

v. Grace, born before 1776, head of a Northampton County household of 8 "free colored" in 1820 [VA:217A].

vi. Eliza, born before 1776, head of a Northampton County household of 5 "free colored" in 1820 [VA:217A].

vii. Judy, born before 1776, head of a Northampton County household of 7 "free colored" in 1820 [VA:217].

viii. Major, born before 1776, head of a Northampton County household of 2 "free colored" in 1820 [VA:217].

 

Other members of a Carter family were

i. Elizabeth, born say 1722, of Christ Church Parish, Lancaster County, presented by the court for having a bastard child "commonly reputed to be a mullatto." The case was dismissed on 25 May 1742 because she had run away. The court attached her property in the hands of Daniel Carter and Isaac Currell to pay her fine of 50 shillings [Orders 1729-43, 341, 346, 348, 351].

ii. Jacob, born about 1757, registered in Petersburg on 8 June 1810: a brown Mulatto man, 5'5-1/2" high, about 53 yrs old...Born free per certificate of registry of clk of Norfolk Borough in 1794. A seaman by trade. He emancipated his wife Ritter who registered in Petersburg on 10 March 1802: a light brown Mulatto woman, 5'51/2" high, about 43 yrs old, with short bushy hair, her upper teeth before out. Emancipated in Hustings ct of Petersburg by Jacob Carter [Register of Free Negroes 1794-1819, nos. 407, 543]. He also purchased slave Robin Cox from Daniel Dodson and freed him for $400 on 6 February 1819 [DB 6:30].

iii. John, married Aggy King, 9 November 1805 Petersburg bond, Edward Stewart surety.

 

Endnotes:

1.   The lists of tithables from 1720 to 1769 are contained in Loose Papers in the Northampton County, Virginia courthouse.

2.   Edward⁶ Carter's deeds:

12 Apr 1745 330 acres in Craven County south of Neuse River [Hoffman, Land Patents, I:253].

31 Aug 1745 170 acres in Craven County south of Neuse River [DB 2:554].

03 Jul 1751 200 acres in Duplin County, by Anthony Williams's will [SS/Wills/DRB2:547].

01 Jul 1758 140 acres in Craven County south of Neuse River.

22 Apr 1763 100 acres in Duplin County north east of Cape Fear.

22 Apr 1763 50 acres in Dobbs County on Mill Marsh, his line.

26 Sep 1766 350 acres in Dobbs County south of Neuse River.

11 Dec 1770 170 acres in Dobbs County south of Neuse River.

26 Oct 1767 40 acres in Dobbs County south of Neuse River.

24 May 1773 80 acres in Dobbs County south of Neuse River [Hoffman, Land Patents, I:83, 461-2; II:77, 197, 464, 347].

08 Oct 1784 300 acres in Duplin County north of Buck Marsh [DB 1A:133].

4.   The index entries for Edward⁶ Carter's Dobbs County deeds are

Grantee: DB 2:300; 3:254; 5:497, 580; 7:123; 8:276, 310; 10:209, 235, 308, 442; 11:311, 418; 12:337, 447, 518; 13:114, 124; 14:327, 603; 17:217; 18:300; 22:365.

Grantor deeds: DB 7:123; 11:315; 13:195; 14:159, 212, 337, 377 [Microfilm Grantee Index to Dobbs County Deeds, M.F.95]. Dobbs County was formed from part of Johnston County in 1758 and Lenoir County was formed from Dobbs County in 1791.

 

CARY FAMILY

Surry County

1.    James Cary, born say 1662, was a "Molletto" taxable in Arthur Jordan's Surry County household in 1678 [DW 2:189a].

 

York County

1.       Mary Cary, born say 1699, complained to the York County court on 20 July 1719 that she had bound a "Mulatto" boy to Nathaniel Hook as a carpenter, but Hook was not teaching him that trade. The court dismissed her suit. She was probably identical to a white woman named Mary Cary who still had three years to serve when she was listed in the 4 July 1719 York County inventory of the estate of Edward Powers [OW 15, pt. 2, 455, 466, 471]. She may have been the ancestor of

2     i. Robert, born say 1745.

ii. Thomas, head of a Fredericksburg, Spotsylvania County household of 11 "other free" in 1810 [VA:108b].

iii. William, head of a Petersburg Town household of 5 "other free" in 1810 [VA:327].

iv. Benjamin, head of a Petersburg Town household of 2 "other free" and a white woman in 1810 [VA:329].

v. Jack, head of a Petersburg Town household of 2 "other free" in 1810 [VA:335].

vi. Christopher, head of a Frederick County household of 3 "other free" in 1810 [VA:595].

vii. Nancy, head of a Frederick County household of 6 "other free" in 1810 [VA:340].

 

2.    Robert¹ Cary, born say 1745, was taxable on a tithe and a horse in Charles City County in 1790 and taxable on a tithe, a horse, and 150 acres in 1800 [PPTL, 1790, p.4; 1800, p.4; Land Tax List, 1800, p.4]. He made a 20 October 1800 Charles City County will, proved 20 November 1800. He left his son David land on the north side of the road leading from the east run to James Ladd's, adjoining Hubbard's, left £10 to his daughter Frances Cary and left the remainder of the land he was living on to his grandson Robert Cary, son of David Cary. He left his granddaughter Elizabeth Cary, son of David, a cow and his grandson Robert 3 barrels of corn for sundry services. And he directed that the remainder of his estate was to be divided among all his surviving children except David and Frances [WB 1:508]. He was the father of

3    i. David¹, born say 1770.

ii. Frances, born say 1772, perhaps identical to Frs. Cary, "F. Negro" head of a Culpeper County household of 1 "other free" in 1810 [VA:22].

iii. Bartlet, paid £6.12 by the estate of Robert Cary, deceased, "for money lent his father" [DB 1:578], perhaps identical to Cary Bartlet, head of a Richmond City household of 3 "other free" in 1810 [VA:333].

 

3.    David¹ Cary, born say 1770, was taxable in Charles City County in 1800 [PPTL, 1800, p.5] and head of a Charles City County household of 10 "other free" in 1810 [VA:959]. He made a 3 April 1823 Charles City County will which was proved 13 September 1823. He left two cows, a horse and cart and his land on the south side of the road to his wife and directed that his land on the north side of the road be rented out for the use of his children Polly, David, Nancy, Ebed, and Zachariah and the children of his two daughters Cretty and Betty who were deceased [WB 2:563-4]. His widow Amey registered in Charles City County on 16 November 1826: a woman of yellowish complexion, about 60 years old, 4 feet 11-1/2 inches high, short nose, large nostrils, was born free in this county [Minutes 1823-9, 196]. He was the father of

i. Robert², named in his grandfather's 20 October 1800 will.

ii. Cretty.

iii. Betty, named in her grandfather's 20 October 1800 will.

iv. Polly Frances, born about 1783, registered in Petersburg on 9 July 1805: a dark brown Negro woman, five feet one half inches high, twenty two years old, born free in Charles City County [Register of Free Negroes 1794-1819, no. 304].

v. David².

vi. Nancy, head of a Richmond City household of 3 "other free" in 1810 [VA:340].

vii. Ebed.

viii. Zachariah.

 

CASE FAMILY

1.    Roger Case, born about 1674, was called "Roger a Mollatto Servant" in Surry County, Virginia court in 1694 when he still had one year to serve Thomas Drew of Surry County [Haun, Surry County Court Records, V:112]. He was called Roger Case when he was taxable in Thomas Drew's Lawnes Creek Parish, Surry County household in 1695 through 1701, called Roger in 1700. He was taxable in his own household in 1703 [DW 5:61b, 135a, 192a, 194a; 207a, 234a, 259a, 290a]. He brought a successful suit against John Sugar in Surry County court in May 1705 for payment for two sows he sold to Sugar for 20 shillings. Evan Humphreys and John Kecotan (Tann) were his witnesses [Haun, Surry County Court Records, VI:57]. On 8 October 1720 he and his wife Elizabeth received a deed of gift from John Kelley during their lifetimes of 50 acres on the north side of the Moratuck River in the part of Chowan County which later became Northampton County, North Carolina [Chowan DB C-1:163] and in 1721 he was taxable in Chowan County next to Hubbard Gibson, Jr. [Haun, Old Albemarle County Miscellaneous Records, 331]. He and his unnamed wife bound their son John Case to Colonel James Millikin on 18 September 1732 at Millikin's home. Millikin died before 15 November 1737 when the Edgecombe Precinct court cancelled the indenture because it determined that Roger had been deceived into thinking that his son would be free if Millikin died before its completion. In fact, the indenture stated that John was to serve Millikin and his heirs until the age of twenty-one [North Carolina Colonial Estate Papers 1669-1759, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/772580, film 7641215, image 454]. On 10 November 1740 he sold 100 acres adjoining his lands in Occoneechee Neck, Northampton County [Northampton DB 1:57]. He was the father of

2     i. ?William, born say 1715.

ii. John, born say 1718.

 

2.    William Case, born say 1715, was taxable on 1 poll in Currituck County in 1751, 1752 [CCR 190], and a "Mulatto" taxable on 2 "Black" polls in Currituck County in 1755 [T&C 1]. He may have been the father of

 i. Jonathan, born say 1750, taxable as a married man in Currituck County in 1779 [GA 30.1], on the payroll of Captain Alexander Whitehall's Company of North Carolina Militia commanded by Colonel Samuel Jarvis on 2 June 1780 [Clark, The State Records of North Carolina XVII:1054]. He enlisted in Bailey's Company of the 10^th North Carolina Regiment on 17 May 1781 and left the service on 17 May 1782. Isles Simmons received his final pay of £32 [Clark, The State Records of North Carolina XVI:1036; XVII:202]. On 7 December 1790 he and his wife Elizabeth sold 150 acres in Currituck County adjoining North River Swamp, Joseph Case, Sarah Smith and land where Thomas Bennett was then living to Thomas Younghusband, Esq., for £25 [DB 6:115]. He was living in Currituck County on 2 June 1791 when he applied for a pension for 18 months service as a Continental soldier [NCGSJ VIII:213]. A 10 February 1799 Currituck County deed referred to land on Knot's Island at the north west corner of Jonathan's land [DB 8:121]. He was head of a Currituck County household of 4 "other free" in 1790 [NC:21] and 10 in 1800 [NC:138].

ii. Joseph, born about 1755, counted as white in 1790, head of a Currituck County household of 1 white male over 16, 2 under 16, and 3 females [NC:21] and 6 "other free" in 1800 [NC:138]. He purchased 23-1/2 acres in Currituck County adjoining Hardy Woodhouse on 21 January 1784 from Permenos Smith and sold this land on 24 May 1800 for 35 silver dollars [DB 4:214; 8:212]. He made a declaration in Currituck County court on 10 May 1820 to obtain a pension for his services in the Revolutionary War. He stated that he was about 65 years of age and that all his possessions were worth only $32.50. He had a 55-year-old wife and 22-year-old son Grundy [NARA, S.41472, M805, Roll 168; M804, Roll 492, frame 159 of 783]. Grandy Case was a 55-year-old "Mulatto" listed in the 1850 census for Currituck County with 50-year-old Fanny Case in the household next to 61-year-old "Mulatto" Sally Case who was living with 38-year-old "Mulatto" William Hunt who had $300 real estate.

iii. Patience, sold land of unstated acreage adjoining the land of Sarah Smith and land sold by Jonathan Case to Thomas Younghusband in Currituck County for £25 on 24 August 1796, and on 26 August 1797 she made a deed of gift of 340 acres "for natural love and affection" to Benjamin Taylor, Sr. [DB 7:366-7]. This was the same man who Sarah Smith gifted land to after the death of her husband Permenos Smith in May 1800.

iv. Caleb, owned land near Moyock Mill in Currituck County on 9 September 1806 when Marchant Ballentine sold land adjoining his [DB 9:248-9].

 

Another member of the family in Currituck County was

i. Sally, born about 1789, head of a household of 3 "free colored" in 1840 and a "Mulatto" listed in the 1850 census.

 

Endnote:

1. The Thomas Bennett mentioned in Jonathan Case's 1790 Currituck County deed was called an "old Indian man" in the sheriff's deed of sale of Bennett's land on 31 May 1810 [DB 10:159-61].

 

Case Family of Accomack County, Virginia

1.    Mary¹ Case, born say 1683, was the servant of John West on 3 December 1701 when the churchwardens of Accomack Parish presented her for having a "Mullatto Bastard Child." She was presented for having another child on 6 April 1703 [Orders 1697-1703, 122a, 126a, 144]. She was probably the mother of

1    i. Mary², born say 1730.

 

2.   Mary² Case, born say 1724, was added to the list of tithables in Accomack County on 26 November 1740. She admitted in Accomack County court on 26 November 1754 that she stole a gammon of bacon and received 20 lashes [Orders 1737-44, 415: 1753-63, 44, 70]. She may have been the mother of

i. George¹, called George Case alias Bristol when he was bound as an apprentice caulker to William Tilney on 28 October 1754 [Orders 1753-63, 65].

ii. Charles, born Christmas 1752, called Charles Case alias Bristol when he was bound as an apprentice tailor to Edward Jones on 39 July 1754, called Charles Bristol a free Negro Boy when he was bound to Thomas Wise to be a shoemaker on 30 January 1760, called Charles Case alias Bristol when he was bound as a mariner in St. George's Parish to Charles Snead in St. George's Parish on 29 August 1769 [Orders 1753-63, 58, 327; 1768-70, 220]. He was seen in the Phiadelphia Work House by David Bowman, a member of the Accomack County court, and claimed by Daniel Henderson of New Jersey (as a slave or servant) when Walter Hatton, Gent., appeared in Accomack County court on 28 February 1775 and certified that Charles Case, a "Mulatto," was a free person born of free parentage in the county and was of full age [Orders 1774-7, 320].

iii. William, born say 1756, bound apprentice in St. George's Parish to Reuben Giddon to be a cooper on 29 December 1767 [Orders 1767-8, 371], a "Mulatto," who died while serving in the Revolution [NARA, Bounty Land Warrant 1826-100, http://fold3.com/image/12751811].

iv. John, born say 1758, bound as an apprentice cooper in St. George's Parish to William Shipham on 26 May 1767 [Orders 1767-8, 89], a "Mulatto," and brother of William Case, died while serving in the Revolution according to the 11 June 1807 deposition of John Cropper, Jr., of Accomack County, former lieutenant colonel of the 9^th Virginia Regiment. He stated that William and John had no wives or children, and Betty Case "of this county," who was an infant during the war, was their only legal representative [LVA, Digital Collections, Case, John, Revolutionary War Bounty Warrants].

2    v. Elizabeth, born say 1765.

 

2.    Elizabeth Case, born say 1765, was head of a St. George Parish, Accomack County household of 3 "other free" and a slave in 1800 [Virginia Genealogist 2:130]. She was probably the mother of

i. Sabra A., born say 1795, made a power of attorney (signing) in Accomack County on 11 August 1831 as the only heir-at-law of Betty Case who was the only heir-at-law of William and John Case who enlisted in the Revolution. She stated that she had never received bounty land for their services [NARA, Land Warrant 1826-100, http://fold3.com/image/12751811,

http://image.lva.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/drawer?retrieve_image=Revolution&type=rw&reel=5&start=472&end=472

ii. Major, head of an Accomack Parish, Accomack County household of 3 "other free" in 1800 [Virginia Genealogist 1:105].

iii. Bridget, head of an Accomack County household of 5 "other free" in 1810 [VA:17].

iv. George², bound as an apprentice farmer to Peter Hack in Accomack County in January 1790 [Indentures, 1786-96, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/332865, film 8620585, images 529-30], head of an Accomack County household of 2 "other free" in 1810 [VA:16].

 

CASSIDY FAMILY

1.    Catherine Cassity, born say 1685, a white servant of John Hutchins, confessed in Lancaster County court on 12 May 1703 that she had a "Mallatoe" child [Orders 1702-13, 32]. Her descendants were

i. Ann, head of a Lancaster County household of 5 "white" (free) persons and a dwelling in 1784 [VA:74]. She married John Pinn, 12 September 1785 Northumberland County bond.

2    ii. William, born about 1757.

3     iii. Elizabeth, born say 1758.

4     iv. Susan, born say 1765.

v. Patty, a "free mulatto" head of a Northumberland County household of 9 "other free" in 1810 [VA:975].

vi. Patty Ann, married Moses Blundon, widower, 28 October 1834 Lancaster County bond, John Cassity security.

vii. Samuel, married Mary Spriddle, daughter of Nancy Spriddle, 15 December 1819 Lancaster County bond, James Spriddle security.

viii. Milly, born about 1783, registered in York County on 16 December 1822: a dark mulatto about 38 years of age 5 feet 2-1/4 Inches high very black [Register of Free Negroes 1798-1831, no.179].

 

2.    William Cassady, born about 1757, was taxable in Bruton Parish, York County, from 1784 to 1789: taxable on a slave and a horse in 1788 and 1789 [PPTL, 1782-1825, frames 91, 139, 149], taxable in Norfolk County in 1801 and 1803, counted in a list of "free Negroes and Mulattoes" on Tanner's Creek in Norfolk County in 1801 with (his son?) John Cassedy, (his wife?) Sarah Cassedy, Eliza Gilleat (Gillett) and a female named "Ren^r" [PPTL, 1791-1812, frames 383, 462]. He appeared in Princess Anne County court on 6 October 1811 and testified for the Legislative Petition of Aaron Weaver. He stated that he was born in Northumberland County and served with Aaron for 3 years aboard the galley Protector under captains Conway and Thomas [Legislative Petitions of the General Assembly, 1776-1865, Accession no. 36121, Box 309, folder 62; Virginia Revolutionary War Pension Applications, Digital Collections, LVA]. He was in a list of Free Negroes & Mulatoes" above the age of 16 in Norfolk City in 1813 [PPTL 1804-14, 275]. He registered in York County on 16 December 1822: a dark mulatto about 65 years of age 5 feet four Inches high...born free [Register of Free Negroes 1798-1831, no.163]. He received bounty land based on his discharge from John Thomas, captain of the Galley Protector which stated that he served in the Navy from 6 January 1777 to 26 January 1780 [Revolutionary War Bounty Warrants, Casity, William, Digital Collections, LVA]. He was probably the ancestor of

i. John, taxable in Norfolk County in 1803, probably the John Cassady who married Jane Carter, 20 August 1821 York County bond, Stephen Davenport surety.

ii. Eliza Gillett.

iii. Milly, born about 1783, registered in York County on 16 December 1822: a dark mulatto about 38 years of age 5 feet 2-1/4 Inches high very black [Register of Free Negroes 1798-1831, no.179]. She married Thomas Hundley, 24 October 1827 York County bond, Humphrey Banks surety.

 

3.    Elizabeth Cassity, born say 1758, was living in the middle district of Lancaster County on 19 July 1790 when the court ordered the overseers of the poor to bind out her orphan Thomas Casity to Job Carter [Orders 1789-92, 155]. She was a "free mulatto" head of a Northumberland County household of 4 "other free" in 1810 [VA:973]. She was the mother of

i. Thomas, born say 1775, granted a certificate of freedom by the Lancaster County court on 20 October 1795 which stated that he was born free [Orders 1792-9, 235].

 

4.    Sukey Cassity, born say 1765, was living in middle district of Lancaster County 20 September 1790 when the court ordered the overseers of the poor to bind her son James Cassity to Richard Sheardock [Orders 1789-92, 195]. She was the mother of

i. James, born about 1786, bound to Richard Sheardock on 20 September 1790 and bound to Joseph Sampson on 21 February 1797 [Orders 1792-9, 202, 330]. He registered in Lancaster County on 19 September 1808: Age 22, Color yellow...born free [Burkett, Lancaster County Register of Free Negroes, 4]. He was head of a Lancaster County household of 4 "other free" in 1810 [VA:341]. He registered in Middlesex County on 24 October 1827: born free; 45 years of age; 5'5"; yellow complexion. His wife was probably Lucy Ann Casity who registered in Middlesex County on 21 October 1827: born free; 37 years of age; 5'5"; yellow complexion [Register of Free Negroes 1827-60, p.1].

ii. ?Florinda, ordered bound out by the overseers of the poor of the middle district of Lancaster County on 18 June 1792 [Orders 1792-9, 40].

iii. ?Nancy, ordered bound out by the overseers of the poor of the middle district of Lancaster County on 18 June 1792 [Orders 1792-9, 40].

 

CAUTHER/ CATHER FAMILY

1.    Jane Cauther, born say 1745, was the mother of Rose Cauther, a "Molatto Bastard" who was ordered by the Augusta County court to be bound to John Campbell on 17 May 1768. On 27 June 1769 she was fined 500 pounds of tobacco for having a bastard child, no race indicated [Orders 1768, 143; 1768-9, 315]. She was the mother of

i. Rose, born say 1768.

ii. ?Sarah, born say 1770, a "Mulatto" child ordered bound to Nep Hansberger by the Augusta County court on 11 April 1772 [Orders 1769-73, 365], called Sarah Cather, a "mulatto," when she was bound by the churchwardens of Augusta Parish to Stewart Hunsberger on 19 September 1772.

iii. ?Betty, born say 1772, a bastard (no race indicated) ordered bound to Jacob Miller by the Augusta County court on 11 April 1772 [Orders 1769-73, 365], called Betty Cather, a "mulatto," when the churchwardens of Augusta Parish bound her to Jacob Millar on 19 September 1772 [Augusta Co. Vestry Book 1746-1779, pp. 506, 509, cited by Gill, Apprentices of Virginia, 42].

 

CAUSEY FAMILY

1.    Judith¹ Causey, born say 1730, was head of a Northumberland County household of 5 "Blacks" in 1782 [VA:37] and taxable there on 4 cattle in 1782; taxable on a slave in 1783, 1784, 1786 and 1787; a "Blk" taxable on a horse in 1811 [PPTL 1782-1812, frames 238, 251, 267, 283, 298, 319, 667]. She was apparently the daughter of a white woman by a slave since (her son?) William Causey was bound out until the age of thirty-one. She was most likely the mother of

2     i. William¹, born about 1747.

3    ii. Abel, born say 1755.

iii. Nelly, born about 1759, registered in Northumberland County on 12 January 1807: a bright mulatto, about 48 years of age, 5 feet 3 inches, born free [Register of Free Negroes, 1803-50, no. 28].

4     iv. James, born say 1762.

v. Thomas, born say 1765, his Northumberland County tax charged to Abel Causey in 1787 [PPTL 1782-1812, frames 319, 327].

 

2.    William¹ Causey, born about 1747, was listed among the slaves in the 18 May 1770 inventory of the Northumberland County estate of the Honorable Presley Thornton: Billy Causey, free at 31 years old - £25 [RB 1770-2, 18, 110]. He had an illegitimate son Philip Sprittle by Elizabeth Sprittle (Spriddle) on 29 December 1770 [Fleet, Northumberland County Record of Births, 107]. He was a "mulatto man" residing in Northumberland County on 9 May 1796 when the court certified that he was born free [Orders 1796-7, 26]. He was head of a Northumberland County household of 5 "Blacks" in 1782 [VA:37] and was taxable in Northumberland County from 1782 to 1813: listed with 4 cattle in 1782, listed with 2 tithables in 1803, listed as a "Blk" tithable from 1809 to 1813, called William, Sr., starting in 1810 [PPTL 1782-1812, frames 236, 268, 284, 319, 327, 348, 363, 378, 422, 436, 444, 476, 491, 505, 514, 535, 550, 564, 621, 634, 653, 668, 682]. He registered in Northumberland County on 12 January 1807: Mulatto, about 60 years old, 5 feet 9-1/4 Inches, Born free [Register of Free Negroes, 1803-50, no.27]. He married Rachel Barr, 23 April 1810 Northumberland County bond, John Causey security. Rachel Causey registered in Northumberland County on 9 March 1807: dark Mulatto, about 52 years old, 5 feet 2 inches, Emancipated by the will of John Bar [Register of Free Negroes, 1803-50, no. 30]. William was a "free mulatto" head of a Northumberland County household of 9 "other free" in 1810 [VA:975]. He was the father of

i. Philip Sprittle, born 29 December 1770 in Northumberland County, "Son of William Causse & Elizabeth Sprittle" [Fleet, Northumberland County Record of Births, 107].

ii. ?Polly, born about 1781, a "Mulatto" living in Northumberland County on 10 June 1799 when the county court certified that she was born free [Orders 1793-1800, 80]. She registered in Northumberland County on 12 March 1806: bright mulatto, 25 years of age, 5 feet 5 inches high, born free [Register of Free Negroes, 1803-50, no. 24].

iii. Elizabeth, born say 1782, a "Mulatto" living in Northumberland County on 10 June 1799 when the county court certified that she was born free [Orders 1793-1800, 80]. She was called the "daughter of William Causey" when she married A. (Amos) Nickens, 5 July 1800 Northumberland County bond, Joseph Mott security.

iv. ?William², born about 1787, registered in Northumberland County on 12 October 1812: Mulatto man, about 25 years of age, 5 feet 6-1/2 inches high, Born of free parents in North^d County [Register of Free Negroes, 1803-50, nos. 55, 63].

v. ?John, born about 1791, registered in Northumberland County on 12 August 1811: Dark lad, about 20, 5 feet 7-1/8 inches high, Born of free parents in Northumb^d County [Register of Free Negroes, 1803-50, nos. 54, 65].

vi. Nancy, married Joseph Weaver, 6 May 1810 Northumberland County bond, Amos Nicken security, with permission of William Causey.

 

3.    Abel Causey, born say 1755, was head of a Northumberland County household with no whites in 1784 [VA:75] and a "mulatto man" residing in Northumberland County on 9 May 1796 when the court certified that he was born free [Orders 1796-7, 26]. He was taxable there from 1783 to 1810: taxable on a slave in 1785 and 1786; listed with 2 tithables and 2 horses in 1791 and 1792; taxable on a slave and 3 horses from 1794 to 1803 [PPTL 1782-1812, frames 251, 280, 297, 319, 327, 363, 392, 422, 436, 444, 458, 476, 491, 505, 514, 535, 550, 564, 603, 621, 634, 653] and a "free mulatto" head of a Northumberland County household of 5 "other free" in 1810 [VA:975]. He may have been the father of

i. Susan, born say 1786, married Anthony Weaver, 30 May 1807 Northumberland County bond, James Toulson security.

 

4.    James Causey, born say 1758, served as a seaman in the Revolution for 3 years, received a discharge from James Markham, captain of the ship Dragon, on 16 February 1780, and assigned (signing) his bounty land on 23 August 1783 to Mr. Joseph Sanders [Revolutionary War Bounty Warrants, Causey, James, Digital Collection, LVA]. He was taxable in Northumberland County from 1785 to 1813 [PPTL 1782-1812, frames 283, 603, 621, 653, 668, 682] and a "free mulatto" head of a Northumberland County household of 3 "other free" in 1810 [VA:975]. He married Polly Smith, 19 June 1809 Lancaster County bond, Vincent Carpenter surety. He may have been the father of

i. Judith², born about 1800, married George Credit, widower, 2 May 1821 Northumberland County bond, James Causey security.

 

Endnote:

1.    Rachel and Rachel, Jr., were Negro slaves emancipated by the Northumberland County will of John Barr. In May 1777 the Virginia General Assembly passed an act which allowed their emancipation [Hening, The Statutes at Large, IX:320-1]. Rachel Bar (apparently Jr.) was over the age of 45 when she was head of a Northumberland County household of 6 "free colored" in 1820.

 

CHAMBERS FAMILY

1.    Elizabeth Chambers, born say 1726, was the servant of Elliott Benger, Esqr., on 1 July 1746 when she confessed to the Spotsylvania County court that she had an illegitimate "Mulatto" child by William Scroghams, a "Servant Negro man" of John Spotswood, Gent. [Orders 1738-49, 380]. She was probably the ancestor of

i. John, born say 1750, a "free Molatto" who testified on 8 June 1775 at the trial of Will, a Negro slave belonging to the estate of Francis Taliaferro. Will was charged in Caroline County, Virginia court with breaking and entering the house of Thomas Cason of King George County and stealing sundry articles which belonged to Chambers [Orders 1772-6, 601]. John was head of a Spotsylvania County household of 7 "other free" and a white woman aged 26-45 in 1810 [VA:102b].

ii. Polly, head of a Spotsylvania County, Virginia household of 3 "other free" in 1810 [VA:103b]. In August 1812 she testified that (her daughter?) Lucy Chambers was born free: Fredericksburg. Mary Chambers made oath that Lucy Chambers was born free [Fredericksburg Register of Free Negroes, 1790-1862, 157].

iii. Bertha, born say 1760, certified in Fredericksburg on 4 August 1812 that her son John Chambers was born free: Fredericksburg. Bertha Chambers made oath that John Chambers a man of Colour thirty two years of age last May is her son and was born free [Fredericksburg Register of Free Negroes, 1790-1862, 159].

iv. Jamima, a 90-year-old "Mulatto" woman counted in the 1850 census for Alexandria with $50 worth of real estate.

 

CHANDLER FAMILY

Mixed-race members of the Chandler family free during the colonial period were

1     i. John, born say 1710.

2     ii. Francis, born say 1715.

 

1.    John Chandler, born say 1710 was living in Littenburn Parish, Richmond County, on 7 May 1729 when the court presented him for living in fornication with Sarah Mozingo [Orders 1721-32, 468]. His wife was probably Sarah Chandler, daughter of Edward Mozingo, who was named in her father's 10 November 1753 Richmond County, Virginia will [Wills 1753-67]. He was called a "Mulatto" when he was sued in Westmoreland County, Virginia court for a debt of £2 on 30 September 1755 [Orders 1755-8, 7a]. He may have been the father of

3     i. William¹, born say 1740.

 

2.    Francis Chandler, born say 1715, was living in Westmoreland County on 1 April 1741 when the churchwardens of Cople Parish presented him and Rebecca Paine for cohabiting together. The same court described Francis's wife Margaret Chandler as a "Mulatto" and ordered her to appear to answer the presentment of the grand jury for living in adultery with George Henson [Orders 1739-43, 100]. He may have been the father of

i. Elizabeth, born say 1738, a "melatto" listed (with "melatto" Stephen Jones) in the Lunenburg County, Virginia inventory of the estate of Thomas Blank on 20 August 1753. Elizabeth and Stephen were apparently his indentured servants because no slaves were listed in his will [WB 1:74, 107].

4     ii. Tabitha, born say 1742.

 

3.    William¹ Chandler, born say 1740, was living in Halifax County, Virginia, in May 1765 when the court presented him, Shadrack Gowin, Peter Rickman, and Philip Dennum for concealing a tithable. The tithables were probably their wives. He purchased land by deed proved in Halifax County court in March 1768 [Pleas 5:46; 6:58]. William was probably the father of

i. William², born about 1774, bondsman for the 25 February 1797 Mecklenburg County, Virginia marriage of Siller Walden and Matthew Stewart. He was head of a Randolph County, North Carolina household of 4 "other free" in 1810 [NC:64]. He registered in Mecklenburg County on 21 November 1831: about 57 years of age, 5 feet six inches high, yellow complexion...was born free in this County [Register of Free Negroes, 1809-1841, p. 90]. He may have been the father of William Chandler (born about 1795) who obtained free papers in Randolph County on 23 September 1833 and recorded them in Owen County, Indiana, on 18 June 1834 [DB 4:153 by Peterson, Owen County Records, 30].

ii. Samuel, born say 1769, married Sinai Stewart, 23 December 1793 Mecklenburg County, Virginia bond, William Chandler bondsman. He was head of a Randolph County household of 11 "other free" in 1810 [NC:64].

iii. Jean, married George Stewart, 27 December 1797 Mecklenburg County, Virginia bond, Moses Stewart security.

 

4.    Tabitha Chandler, born say 1742, had a "mulatto" child named Ann who was ordered bound out by the Henrico County court in April 1760 [Orders 1755-62, 409]. She may have been related to Mary Chandler (no race indicated) who was bound out to Matthew Talbert in Amelia County on 12 November 1736 [Orders 1:14]. Tabitha was the mother of

i. Ann, born say 1760.

 

Another member of the Chandler family was

i. Thornton, born about 1776, counted in a "List of Free Negroes in the Parish of St. Ann's" in Essex County with a male and female above the age of 16 in 1813 [PPTL, 1782-1819, frame 510], registered in Essex County on 15 August 1829: born free by statement in writing of Richd Rowzee, dark Mulattoe, 53 years of age. He married Catherine Fortune [Register of Free Negroes 1810-43, nos. 190, 192].

 

CHAPMAN FAMILY

1.    Winny Chapman, born say 1730, was a white woman living in the household of Robert McTyre of Lancaster County when she had two illegitimate "Mulatto" children named Milly and Betty. Robert's son Frizzel McTyre took her with him when he moved to Brunswick County according to depositions taken in February and March 1799 for the Chapmans's suit for freedom in the District Court of Brunswick County in 1800 [Chapman, etc., Betty: Freedom Suit, 1800, African American Narrative Digital Collection, LVA]. Winny was the mother of

i. Milly, born say 1754.

2    ii. Betty, born say 1756.

 

2.    Betty Chapman, born say 1756, sued Frezill McTeir for her freedom in Lunenburg County court on 11 September 1777. He was called Frizell Martin on 13 May 1779 when the court ordered her discharged from his service. On 10 July 1800 the court summoned Henry Freeman to show cause why he was detaining her children Lizzy and Mary Chapman who were suggested to the court to be entitled to their freedom [Orders 1777-84, 3, 28; 1799-1801, fol. 84]. She and her children were freed by order of the Brunswick County District Court in 1800. She was living on Flat Rock Creek, Lunenburg County in 1802 and 1803 when she was counted in a "List of free Negroes & Mulattoes" with her children: Nancy, Winny, Lucy, Charlotte, Henry, and Biddy [Lunenburg County, Free Negro & Slave Records, 1802-1803, LVA]. She was head of a Mecklenburg County household of 13 "free colored" in 1830 (said to be over the age of 100). She was the mother of

i. Robert, born say 1779, child of Betty Chapman, ordered bound apprentice by the 10 February 1780 session of the Lunenburg County court [Orders 1777-84, fol. 50].

ii. Nancy, born say 1780, living in her mother's household in 1802 and 1803 with her children Betsy and John Chapman.

iii. Winny, born say 1782, living in her mother's household in 1802 and with her daughter Lucy in 1803.

iv. ?Milly, living at Thomas Scarborough's in Lunenburg County in 1802 with her daughter Lily and a child not yet named.

v. ?Eliza, living at Stony Creek, Lunenburg County with her daughter Patsey in 1802 and 1803.

vi. Lucy, living in her mother's household in Lunenburg County in 1802 and 1803, head of a Campbell County household of 1 "other free" in 1810 [VA:854].

vii. Charlotte¹, living in her mother's household in 1802, 1803, and 1814 [Magazine of Virginia Genealogy 33:266].

viii. Henry², born about 1792, registered in Mecklenburg County on 21 November 1831: of tawny complexion, five feet three inches high, 39 years of age...born of a free woman in the County of Lunenburg [Register of Free Negroes, 1809-1841, p. 93].

ix. Biddy.

 

Other members of the Chapman family were

i. Jesse, a "free Negro" taxable in Surry County, Virginia, from 1796 to 1816, listed in 1813 with 5 "free Negroes & Mulattoes above the age of 16," 3 of whom were male tithables [PPTL, 1791-1816, frames 256, 367, 521, 611, 649, 731, 851].

ii. Henry¹, born about 1778, registered in Middlesex County, Virginia, on 23 June 1800: born free; 22 years old; 5'5-1/4"; yellow complexion [Register of Free Negroes, 1800-60, p.15].

iii. Sally, born about 1793, registered in Halifax County, Virginia, on 21 May 1831: about 38 years of age, five feet five inches high, of a yellow complexion [Registers of Free Negroes, 1802-1831, no. 144].

iv. Charlotte², born about 1796, registered in Lunenburg County on 12 October 1846: yellow Colour, born free about 50 years of age, about 5 feet 3 inches high [WB 5, after page 89, no.129], counted in the "list of Free Negroes and Mulattoes" in Lunenburg County in 1814 with her daughter Eliza [Lunenburg County Document #2376, Special Collections Department, University of Virginia Library, Magazine of Virginia Genealogy 33:266].

 

CHARITY FAMILY

Mary Ann Elizabeth Francis, born about 1858, daughter of Henry Miles Francis (1835-) and LucyAnn Charity, granddaughter of Henry Charity (1792) and Matilda Banks of Surry County, Virginia. The photo belongs to Tony Elliot.

1.    Charity, born say 1660, was a "Negro girle" tithable in Arthur Jordan's household in the 1677 list for Surry County, Virginia, and a "Negro woman" in his household in the 1678 list [DW 2:147a, 189a]. She was taxable in his household 1689, 1694 and 1695 and a "Negro woman" slave of Arthur Jordan freed by his 24 September 1698 will [DW 5:22a, 59b, 120a, 160]. She may have been the daughter of a "Negro Woman Judith" who was to be free seven years after George Jordan's decease according to his 25 February 1677/8 Surry County will, proved 5 November 1678 [DW 1671-84, 192]. Judith was probably the slave by that name who was taxable in Mr. Thomas Jordan's household in Surry County from 1679 to 1685 [DW 5:59b, 109a, 137a, 190b]. Charity was called a free "negro woman" when she was presented by the Surry County court in May 1702 for having a bastard child. On 20 August 1712 she brought suit for £30 damages against George Jordan, Jr., for an assault and "other Enormitys" on her daughter Jane Mingo. Jane would have been about ten years old at that time if she was the child Charity was presented for in 1702. Jordan delayed the case until 17 December 1712 when the jury found that he took her away by force from her mother and detained her in his service for several days before the assault took place. They also found that Charity was born in Virginia, freed by Arthur Jordan's will in 1698, and had Jane Mingo in Surry County after she was freed. After hearing evidence from Thomas and William Hux, the jury found in Jane's favor for only 1 shilling damages, and only if the court ruled that Jane was legally a free person. The court ruled so later in that session [Orders 1701-13, 17, 399, 401, 403, 407, 410]. Charity's was the mother of

i. Jane Mingo, probably born before May 1702 when her mother was presented for having a bastard child. She may have been the mother of Mary Mingo whose "Molatto Son" Shadrack Mingo was ordered bound to Doctor John Ramsey in Norfolk County on 16 August 1754 [Orders 1753-55, 73].

 

Their descendants were apparently the Charity family of Surry County:

i. John¹, sued for a £2.1 debt in Surry County on 17 September 1753, died insolvent before 16 March 1762 according to the account of the Surry County estate of Martha Bryan [Orders 1753-7, 290; DW&c 10:274].

2     ii. William, born say 1720.

3     iii. Sarah¹, born say 1722.

4     iv. Jeffrey¹, born say 1725.

5     v. Mary¹, born say 1735.

vi. Hannah, born say 1738, complained to the Surry County court on 19 February 1760 that her master William Mooring was detaining her past her indented time of service. The court ordered her discharged from his service [Orders 1757-63, 228, 233].

 

2.    William Charity, born say 1720, was among fourteen free African Americans of Surry County, Virginia, who were presented by the court on 21 November 1758 for failing to pay tax on their wives, "supposing the said persons to be Mulattoes" [Orders 1757-64, 135]. He proved a claim in Surry County court on 23 October 1764 for taking up a runaway [Orders 1764-74]. He died before 27 October 1778 when the Surry County court ordered his estate appraised [Orders 1775-85, 70]. His children may have been

6     i. Henry¹, born say 1741.

7     ii. David¹, born say 1749.

8     iii. Elizabeth¹, born say 1751.

iv. Benjamin, born say 1758, presented in Surry County on 26 February 1783 for not listing his taxable property [Orders 1775-85, 201]. He was head of a Surry County household of 5 "whites" in 1784 [VA:78] and was a freeholder in Governor's Road Precinct on 26 July 1785 when he, David Charity, Nicholas Scott, John Debereax, Armstead Peters and several white freeholders were ordered to maintain the road in their area [Orders 1775-85, 443]. He married Sarah Stephens, daughter of Lucy Stephens, 5 September 1803 Surry County bond, William Scott surety, and was taxable in Cabin Point District of Surry County from 1783 to 1807 [PPTL, 1782-90, frames 367, 399, 470, 596; 1791-1816, frames 57, 126, 234, 287, 445, 559, 611, 629].

v. Randolph, recruited for 3 years in Captain Nathan Fox's 6^th Virginia Regiment on 24 March 1777 and died 10 July 1777 [NARA, M246, roll, frames 154, 157, 160, 178, 180 of 756].

vi. John², taxable in the part of Petersburg that was in Dinwiddie County in 1787 [PPTL, 1787-99, frame 663], sued in the Hustings Court of Petersburg on 5 March 1788 for a 36 shilling debt and on 4 February 1789 for a debt of £2 due by note [Orders 1784-91, 226, 259].

9     vi. Sterling, born about 1768.

vii. Jeffrey², born say 1774, a "poor infant" of Southwark Parish bound apprentice on 24 March 1778 [Orders 1775-85, 53].

 

3.    Sarah¹ Charity, born say 1722, was living in Southwarke Parish, Surry County, on 20 May 1755 when the court ordered the churchwardens to bind out her son Sharrard [Orders 1753-7, 212]. She was the mother of

10   i. Sherwood¹ (Sherod), born about 1744.

 

4.    Jeffrey¹ Charity, born say 1725, was a defendant in a Surry County suit for debt in January 1748/9 and 26 February 1754 when the court ruled that Jeffrey was "not an inhabitant of this County" [Orders 1744-9, 530; 1753-57, 116]. He was listed in the 16 November 1756 account of the Surry County estate of John Simmons [DW 10:76]. On 19 June 1759 the court ordered the churchwardens to bind out his son Hartwell Charity because he had left the county without making provision for his child [Orders 1756-63, 194]. He was the father of

11    i. Hartwell, born say 1760.

 

5.    Mary¹ Charity, born say 1735, was bound out by the churchwardens of Southwarke Parish in Surry County on 15 April 1747 [Orders 1744-49, 300]. She was called Mary Chariott, a "Molatto woman," on 15 August 1758 when the Surry County court ordered the churchwardens to bind out her children Ann, Robert, Charles, and Jane. On 16 December 1766 the court ordered the churchwardens to bind out "poor Mulattos" Nanny, Robert, Charles, Jenny, Thomas, Cherry, and Sarah Charity [Orders 1757-63, 123; 1764-74, 102-3]. She was the mother of

12   i. Ann, born say 1753.

ii. Robert, born say 1755.

iii. Charles, born about 1756, enlisted in the Revolution on 2 September 1780 for 1-1/2 years: age 24, 5'6-1/2" high, a planter, born in Surrey, black complexion [Register & description of Noncommissioned officers & Privates, LVA accession no. 24296, by http://revwarapps.org/b69.pdf (p.26)]. He enlisted in the Revolution at Hampton, Virginia, was discharged in Winchester, and applied for a pension in July 1827 in Newby District, South Carolina, at the age of 70 years [NARA S.39317, M804, http://fold3.com/image/12804208].

13   iv. Jane, born say 1758.

v. Thomas, born say 1760, head of a Surry County household of 3 "whites" (free persons) in 1784 [VA:78]. He and Hartwell Charity were listed among the freeholders who were ordered to maintain the road in Galloway's Precinct on 28 December 1785 [Orders 1774-84, 473].

vi. Cherry, born say 1762, taxable on a free tithe in Surry County from 1809 to 1811, listed as a "free Negro & Mulatto" in 1813, taxable on a horse in 1815 [PPTL, 1791-1816, frames 649, 667, 687, 732, 809] and head of a Surry County household of 2 "free colored" in 1820. Cherry was the mother of Squire Charity, Jr., who registered in Surry County on 28 September 1818: son of Cherry Charity, aged 21 years, rather of a bright complexion, 5'1-1/4" high, has a flat Nose, distended nostrils, hair rather course & long, the hair extends on his forehead, a House Carpenter [Hudgins, Surry County Register of Free Negroes, 69].

vii. Sarah², born say 1764.

 

6.    Henry¹ Charity, born say 1741, was sued for a debt of £3.6 in Surry County on 15 June 1762 [Orders 1757-63, 335]. He purchased 125 acres in Southwark Parish on the east side of Great Branch on 19 August 1766, he and his wife Sacugoth Charity sold 50 acres of this land to Peter Valentine on 12 January 1768, and he sold the remaining 75 acres on 15 August 1769 [DB 8:315, 374, 431]. He and William Walden were sued for debt on 19 July 1768 [Orders 1764-74, 159]. He was head of a Surry County household of 9 persons in 1782 [VA:43], 10 in 1784 [VA:78] and was taxable in Surry County from 1782 to 1800: taxable on a horse and 9 cattle in 1782; taxable on 2 tithes in 1786; taxable on Squire and Henry Charity's tithes in 1787; taxable on John Charity's tithe in 1799 and 1800 [PPTL, 1782-90, frames 358, 379, 397, 449, 549; 1791-1816, frames 281, 323, 404]. On 4 June 1787 he purchased 50 acres in Southwark Parish adjoining William Walden from Nanny and Sarah Simon which was land descended to them from Thomas Simon [DB 12:268]. Henry was married to Judy Banks by 22 February 1796 when they sold her part of her rights to land descended to her from her brother Matthew Banks [Deeds 1792-9, 344-6]. His 15 January 1800 Surry County will was proved on 27 January 1801. He lent his land to his wife Judith during her lifetime and then to his son John Charity, gave land to son Elijah, and divided his estate among his children Elijah, Henry, John, Sarah B., and Kizziah Charity. His son Henry and Jeremiah Banks were executors; Armistead Peters and Sterling Charity provided $1,000 security [Wills, etc. 1:466-7]. The transfer of his land (to his wife and children) was recorded in the Surry County Tax Alterations: 50 acres to Judith Charity, 54 acres to Elijah Charity, and 12 acres to John Charity [Land Tax List, 1782-1802]. His children were

14   i. Wilson, born about 1770.

ii. Henry², born say 1771, a 16-21-year-old taxable in the household of Henry Charity in 1787, called Henry Charity, Jr., when he was taxable in Henry Charity, Sr.'s household in 1797 and 1798, but not taxable again in Surry County [PPTL, 1782-90, frames 449; 1791-1816, 323, 366].

iii. Elijah, born about 1774, taxable in Surry County from 1791 to 1816: his tax charged to Henry Charity from 1791 to 1794, charged with his own tax from 1795; listed with 2 "free Negroes & Mulattoes" in 1813 [PPTL, 1791-1816, frames 8, 57, 108, 158, 235, 286, 364, 442, 518, 589, 629, 666, 706, 730, 850]. He registered as a "free Negro in Surry County on 9 January 1796: son of Henry Charity a resident of this County, a dark mulattoe man, aged about 22 years, pretty well made, short hair, 5'11" high, born of free parents [Back of Guardian Accounts Book 1783-1804, no.16]. He married Charlotte Charity (of lawful age), 29 January 1803 Surry County bond, Joseph Roberts surety. He was charged with burglary in Surry County court on 22 May 1804 but found not guilty [Criminal Proceedings Against Free Persons, Slaves, etc., 1742-1822]. He was head of a Surry County household of 8 "other free" in 1810 [VA:604] and 12 "free colored" in 1830.

iv. Keziah, born about 1780, twenty-four-year-old "daughter of Judith Charity," married Nicholas Scott Valentine, 28 May 1804 Surry County bond, Wright Walden surety.

v. Sarah³, born say 1790, "daughter of Judith Charity who consents," married David Fulks, 23 March 1807 Surry County bond, David Debrix surety. David Folks registered in Surry County on 26 June 1818: a free Negroe Man of bright complexion, aged about 36 years next January who is 5'5-1/4" high...was born free as appears by a Certificate from Edenton North Carolina produced by him [Hudgins, Surry County Register of Free Negroes, 69].

vi. John³, born say 1781, taxable in Henry Charity's household in 1799 and 1800, taxable in Judy Charity's household from 1801 to 1804, called "son of Judith" from 1805 to 1812 [PPTL, 1791-1816, frames 366, 404, 444, 479, 519, 558, 590, 611, 649, 686, 706]. He may have been the John Charity who was ordered by the Surry County court on 23 June 1807 to pay support for his illegitimate female child by Mary Walden. He married Mason Charity, daughter of Mary Blizzard, 28 June 1808 Surry County bond, Peter Blizzard surety, and was head of a Surry County household of 6 "other free" in 1810 [VA:604] and 11 "free colored" in 1830. His son Acquilla Charity registered in Surry County on 26 November 1831: son of John Charity & Mason his wife...of a dark complexion, spare made...about 21 years of age and is 5'8-1/2" high [Hudgins, Surry County Register of Free Negroes, 103].

 

7.    David¹ Charity, born say 1749, was presented by the Surry County court on 15 May 1770 for not listing his tithables [Orders 1764-74, 213]. He was head of a Surry County household of 4 "Blacks" in Captain Lucas's District in 1782 [Virginia, Surry County, public records, Census of persons and buildings; http://familysearch.org/search/film/004131664, frame 23 of 49], 4 in 1784 [VA:78], 10 "other free" in 1810 [VA:604]. He was taxable in Surry County from 1784 to 1812: taxable on a horse and 2 cattle in 1784; charged with Tom Stephens's tithe in 1797 and 1798; taxable on a horse in 1816 [PPTL, 1782-90, frames 379, 448, 549; 1791-1816, frames 8, 106, 158, 234, 287, 323, 365, 444, 519, 558, 611, 649, 667, 706] and taxable on 60 acres from 1795 to 1814 [Land Tax List, 1782-1820]. He was a "free Molatto" living on his own land in Surry County in 1803 with (wife?) Patience Charity (a midwife) and Betsy Charity (a child) [A List of Molatto's in Surry County in the Year 1803, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/1468651, film no. 4121845, frame 5 of 16]. He made a 25 February 1818 Surry County will, proved 26 April 1819 by the oath of Jesse Peters, by which he lent his land to his daughter Liza Roberts during her life and then to his grandson David Roberts [Wills, Etc., 3:364]. His children were

i. Elsey, born say 1782, "daughter of David Charity," married Aaron Taylor 23 December 1799 Surry County bond [Ministers Returns, 54].

ii. Elizabeth², born about 1783, "daughter of David Charity," married Joseph Roberts, 17 May 1802 Surry County bond, David Charity surety, married by Rev. James Warren of the Methodist Church [Ministers Returns, 61]. She registered in Surry County on 26 March 1805: a woman of a bright complexion aged about 22 years, short hair...5'3" high [Hudgins, Surry County Register of Free Negroes, 25].

iii. ?John⁵, Jr., born say 1786, married Lucretia Charity, "daughter of Rebecca Andrews," 2 September 1807 Surry County bond, David Charity surety. Lucretia was Rebecca Charity's daughter, born before her 20 April 1791 marriage to Thomas Andrews. She may have been the Lucretia Charity who was counted as a "free Negro & Mulatto" in 1813 [PPTL, 1791-1816, 733].

 

8.    Elizabeth¹ Charity, born say 1751, was the mother of Alexander and David Charity who were bound out by the Surry County court on 28 January 1783 [Orders 1775-85, 192]. She consented to the 28 December 1792 marriage of her daughter Edy Charity. Her children were

i. Alexander/ Elick, born say 1770, a "poor Mulatto infant" bound apprentice in Surry County on 27 July 1779 [Orders 1775-85, 88]. He was taxable in Surry County from 1787 to 1816: a 16-21-year-old Surry County tithable in 1787, his tax charged to John Ellis; charged with his own tax from 1791 to 1794; listed with William Scott in 1795; charged with his own tithe from 1796; listed in 1813 with 2 "free Negroes & Mulattoes" [PPTL, 1782-90, frame 416; 1791-1816, frames 7, 107, 243, 325, 406, 590, 629, 667, 706, 733, 850]. He married Polly Debrix, daughter of John Debrix, 12 June 1800 Surry County bond, Aaron Taylor surety. He was counted as a "Molatto" shoemaker living with Drewry Walden in Surry County in 1803 with Polly Charity (a spinner) and his child Polly Charity [A List of Molatto's in Surry County in the Year 1803, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/1468651, film no. 4121845, frame 6 of 16] and head of a Prince George County household of 7 "free colored" in 1820.

15   ii. ?Mary², born say 1770.

iii. Nanny, born say 1771, "daughter of Betty Charity," bound out by the Surry County court on 25 May 1784 [Orders 1775-85, 298]. She married Peter Newby, 14 April 1792 Southampton County bond. Peter was a "free Negro" taxable in Sussex County in 1784 [PPTL 1782-1812, frame 114], head of a Randolph County, North Carolina household of 4 "other free" in 1800 [NC:350] and a Southampton County household of 9 "other free" in 1810.

iv. David², Jr., born about 1776, taxable in Cabin Point District of Surry County from 1793 to 1801: called David Charity, Jr. [PPTL, 1791-1816, frames 108, 234, 287, 366, 404, 444]. He married Nancy Debberick (Debrix), 17 August 1799, Sussex County bond, Jones Cannada surety. He registered in Surry County on 20 September 1800: son of Elizabeth Charity coloured mulattoe man - aged about 24 years, pretty well made, bushy hair, 5'6-1/2" high, born of a free parent [Back of Guardian Accounts Book 1783-1804, no.65].

v. Edy, born say 1776, daughter of Elizabeth Charity, married William Scott, 28 December 1792 Surry County bond, Major Debrix security. Her son John Charity, "son of Edith," was taxable in Surry County in 1810 and 1811 [PPTL, 1791-1816, frames 668, 687].

vi. ?Peggy, born say 1780, married to a slave on 6 June 1805 when she bound her 9-year-old son Bowling Charity to Edwin Roberts, "F.N.," until the age of twenty-one by order of the Isle of Wight County court [Charity, Bowling (M, 9): Indenture of Apprenticeship, 1814, African American Narrative Digital Collection, LVA].

vi. ?John⁴, born say 1781, taxable in William Scott's Surry County household from 1799 to 1802 [PPTL, 1791-1816, frames 385, 426, 463, 500].

vii. ?Sherod/Sherwood², born 23 March 1782, taxable in Surry County from 1800 to 1807: listed in the household of Constable Samuel Carrel in 1800; listed with Micajah Coggins in 1801; charged with his own tax from 1805 to 1807 [PPTL, 1791-1816, frames 404, 444, 591, 611, 630]. He married Ariana Stephens, daughter of Lucy Stephens, 27 May 1806 Surry County bond, Major Debrix security, and registered in Surry County on 1 October 1804: a mulatto man of a bright complexion aged about 22 years 23 day of March last, who is 5'8" high, pretty straight and well made, very short hair...was born of free parents of this county [Hudgins, Surry County Register of Free Negroes, 23].

 

9.    Sterling Charity, born about 1768, was ordered bound an apprentice with Jeffrey Charity, "poor infants," on 26 May 1778 [Orders 1775-85, 53]. He was taxable in Surry County from 1787 to 1802: his tax charged to Samuel Cocke in 1787 and 1788; charged with his own tax from 1791; charged with Wright Walden's tithe in 1798 [PPTL, 1782-90, frames 449, 471; 1791-1816, frames 7, 106, 253, 325, 405, 480]. He married Elizabeth Jones, 13 March 1793 Surry County bond, Davis Charity witness, Sampson Walden surety, 14 March marriage by Rev. Nathaniel Berriman, deacon of the Methodist Church [Marriage Returns, 36]. Sterling was a Mulatto" taxable in Prince George County from 1803 to 1811: taxable on slave and 2 horses in 1809 [PPTL, 1782-1811, frames 576, 600, 650, 698, 721, 741] and head of a Prince George County household of 6 "other free" in 1810 [VA:546]. He registered in Surry County on 28 September 1818: a free-born Man of colour, aged 50 years who is of a bright complexion, much pitted with the small pox, 5'3-3/4" high, pretty stout & square made...has round & distended Nostrils [Hudgins, Surry County Register of Free Negroes, 69]. His children were

i. Nancy, "daughter of Sterling Charity," married Archer Lowery, 8 April 1812 Surry County bond, Joseph Roberts security.

ii. Elizabeth³, born 4 November 1797, registered in Surry County on 27 September 1819: a mulatto Woman the daughter of Sterling Charity and Betsy his wife free persons of Colour of this County aged 22 years the 4^th day of November next is 5'1" high [Hudgins, Surry County Register of Free Negroes, 71].

 

10.    Sherwood¹ Charity, born about 1744, was called an infant (no parent or race mentioned) when he was ordered bound an apprentice by the churchwardens of Southwarke Parish in Surry County on 19 November 1751 [Orders 1751-53, 18]. The court called him the son of Sarah Charity when he was ordered bound out on 20 May 1755. On 19 February 1760 the court ordered John Angus to appear to show cause why Sherrard should not be removed from his service [Orders 1757-63, 228]. He purchased 100 acres on the south side of "Johnshehawkin" swamp on 27 April 1779 [DW 11:48]. He was in the muster of Colonel John Green's detachment of the 6^th Virginia Regiment taken at Petersburg on 12 December 1780: no. 28, Sherod Charaty, age 36, 5'7-1/2", a Shomaker, engaged 9 Oct 80, Lunenburg [New-York Historical Society, Muster and pay rolls of the War of the Revolution, 1775-1783, II:598-9; http://babel.hathitrust.org]. He died before 25 June 1782 when Sarah Charity, "widow and relict of Sherwood Charity decd.," was summoned to take the inventory of her husband's estate which she recorded on 10 August 1782 [Orders 1775-85, 151; DW 11:298]. The 27 September 1785 Surry County court appointed her guardian to her children: "Rebecca, Mary Ann, Clary, Wilmouth, and Anna Charity, orphans of Sherwood Charity decd" [Orders 1775-85, 453]. The transfer of Sherod's 100 acres to Sarah was recorded in the property tax alterations for Surry County in 1783, and she was taxable on this land through 1807 [Land Tax List, 1782-1820]. She was head of a Surry County household of 7 "whites" in 1782 [VA:43], 0 whites in 1784 [VA:78] and taxable on a horse from 1782 to 1816: taxable on 5 cattle in 1787; taxable on slave Fanny in 1803; taxable on 2 slaves in 1809 [PPTL, 1782-90, frames 352, 397, 470; 1791-1816, frames 7, 107, 256, 324, 405, 520, 590, 629, 649, 686, 733, 851]. Sally was a "free Molatto" midwife living on her own land in Surry County in 1803 [A List of Molatto's in Surry County in the Year 1803, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/1468651, film no. 4121845, frame 6 of 16] and head of a Surry County household of 2 "other free" and a white woman over 45 years of age in 1810 [VA:603]. Sherwood and Sarah's children were

i. ?Harwood, born say 1768, "not 25" years old on 2 April 1792 when he and Queen Charlotte Charity were named in the Surry County will of Archibald Dunlop. He was taxable in Surry County from 1791 to 1816: his tax charged to Archibald Dunlop from 1791 to 1793; charged with his own tax in 1799; called Harwood C. Charity starting in 1805; taxable on 2 slaves from 1805 to 1813; listed with 1 "free Negro & Mulatto" in 1813 [PPTL, 1791-1816, frames 10, 59, 108, 367, 480, 559, 590, 629, 667, 706, 731] and head of a Surry County household of 1 "free colored" in 1830.

ii. Rebecca, born say 1773, married Thomas Andrews 26 April 1791 Surry County bond, Joseph Byrd surety, 11 May marriage.

16   iii. Mary³, born say 1775.

iv. Clary, married Wilson Charity, 9 February 1796 Surry County bond, Sampson Granthum surety.

v. Wilmouth.

vi. Anne, "daughter of Sarah Charity, married Moses Debrix 30 December 1800 Surry County bond, Davis (David?) Charity surety.

vii. Bolling, orphan of Sherwood Charity, deceased, bound apprentice in Surry County on 28 January 1783 [Orders 1775-85, 192].

 

11.    Hartwell Charity, born say 1760, was taxable in Cabin Point District of Surry County from 1783 to 1807 [PPTL, 1782-90, frames 367, 399, 447, 549; 1791-1816, frames 58, 158, 287, 404, 519, 590, 629] and was a "free Molatto" living on Mrs. Nelson's land in Surry County in 1803 with Cherry Charity (a spinner) and his children Peggy, Allen, Squire and Jack Charity [A List of Molatto's in Surry County in the Year 1803, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/1468651, film no. 4121845, frame 6 of 16]. He was surety for the 17 October 1809 Isle of Wight County marriage bond of Randall Wilson and Milly Charity. Hartwell's widow Cherry Charity was called the relict of H. Charity when she was counted as a "free Negro & Mulatto" in Surry County in 1813 [PPTL, 1791-1816, frame 732]. They were the parents of

i. Peggy.

ii. Allen.

iii. Squire³, Jr., born about 1797, registered in Surry County on 28 September 1818: son of Cherry Charity, aged 21 years, rather of a bright complexion, 5'1-1/4" high, has a flat Nose, distended nostrils, hair rather course & long, the hair extends on his forehead, a House Carpenter [Hudgins, Surry County Register of Free Negroes, 69].

iv. Jack.

 

12.    Ann Charity, born say 1753, had an illegitimate child by Joseph Byrd before 22 June 1774 when the Surry County court ordered him to pay £3 per annum in child support [Orders 1764-74, 380]. She was the mother of

17   i. Squire¹, born 8 September 1768.

ii. ?Joseph, born say 1774, a "F.N." taxable in Isle of Wight County from 1798 to 1800 [PPTL 1782-1810, frames 444, 509].

iii. ?William, born say 1776, taxable in Cabin Point District of Surry County from 1793: his tax charged to William Cypress in 1793; listed with Squire Charity in 1802 [PPTL, 1791-1816, frames 107, 478], a "F.N." taxable in Isle of Wight County from 1803 to 1806 [PPTL 1782-1810, frames 618, 635, 694, 735].

 

13.    Jane Charity, born say 1758, a "poor Mulatto" daughter of Mary Charity, was ordered bound out in Surry County on 15 August 1758 and 16 December 1766 [Orders 1757-63, 123; 1764-74, 102-3]. She was the mother of

i. Nancy, born about 1780, registered in Surry County on 27 January 1802: daughter of Jane Charity who was late resident of this county of a dark complexion, has a white spot on her left cheek, 5' high has short hair - aged about 22 years [Back of Guardian Accounts Book 1783-1804, no.136]. She was over 55 years of age in 1830 when she was head of a Surry County household of 3 "free colored."

 

14.    Wilson Charity, born about 1770, was taxable in Cabin Point District of Surry County from 1787 to 1813: his tax charged to Henry Charity in 1790 and 1794; charged with his own tax in 1791; charged with his own tax from 1795 to 1804; taxable on 2 tithes in 1805, 1806 and 1807; listed with 3 "free Negroes & Mulattoes" above the age of 16 in 1813 [PPTL, 1782-90, frames 446, 596; 1791-1816, frames 8, 158, 234, 287, 366, 444, 519, 590, 611, 629, 649, 733]. He married Susanna Monroe, 27 December 1787 Surry County bond, William Walden surety. He registered in Surry County on 9 January 1796: son of Henry Charity a resident of this County, a bright mulattoe man aged about 25 years, pretty well made, short hair, 5'10" high, born of free parents [Back of Guardian Accounts Book 1783-1804, no.15]. He married second, Clary Charity, 9 February 1796 Surry County bond, Sampson Granthum surety. He was the father of

18   i. James, born about 1788.

 

15.    Mary² Charity, born say 1770, was a "free Molatto" spinner living with her children Billy and John Charity at Caty Berriman's in Surry County in 1803 [A List of Molatto's in Surry County in the Year 1803, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/1468651, film no. 4121845, frame 6 of 16]. She was a "free Negro of Surry County," who bound her son William Charity, born 30 April 1800, to William Gray of Isle of Wight County until the age of twenty one on 19 July 1808 [Charity, William (M): Indenture of Apprenticeship, 1808, African American Narrative Digital Collection, LVA]. She was the mother of

i. Wyatt, born about 1788, received a letter certifying his freedom from Thomas Peter of Cabin Point, Surry County, on 22 June 1810: aged about 22 or 23 years old, Dark complection, is the son of Polly Charrity Dec^d free woman, served part of his time previous to age with M^r Nath^l Sebrell Jun^r Dec^d and since with Mr. Nath^l Sen^r & M^r Nicholas Sebrell and at this time in employment of John Peter's Ship Yard [Certificate of free slave, 1800-1819, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/1468651, film no. 4122937, frame 13 of 88]. He was taxable in Surry county from 1804 to 1816 [PPTL 1782-1816, 560, 649, 686, 733, 804, 851], head of a Surry County household of 5 "free colored" in 1840, counted in the 1850 census with inferred wife Unity (30) and children Jesse (21), Will (15), Cate (12), Margaret (10), Elmira Charity (6) and Ben Hasket (6). His wife was probably Unity Bailey who registered on 22 November 1852, the same day as Wyatt re-registered: a free negro of brown complexion aged 40 years, 5'4" high was free born in the county of Surry. And she was probably related to Accril Bailey who registered the same day as Wyatt in 1810: A Negro woman of complexion rather bright than otherwise, a son (sic) of Dinah a Negro woman who was emancipated by Doctor Anselm Bailey late of Surry County deceased, by his deed of Emancipation of record in Surry court...is about 22 years of age [Hudgins, Surry County Register of Free Negroes, 42, 250, 251]. In 1860 (Wyatt's wife) Lunette Bailey (59) was listed as the head of the household with Wyatt (78), Ackrel (24), Margaret R. Bailey (18), Elmira T.E. Bailey (16) and Darthula Bailey (5). Acrell Charity was called the daughter of Wyatt and Euretha Charity when she married Faith Simpson, son of James and Barbara Harrison in Surry County on 8 May 1868.

ii. William, born 30 April 1800.

iii. John, born say 1802.

 

16.    Mary² Charity, born say 1775, married Peter Blizzard, 30 September 1791 Surry County bond, William C. Partain surety. Her child born before her marriage was

i. Mason, born say 1790, "daughter of Mary Blizzard," married John Charity, 28 June 1808 Surry County bond, Peter Blizzard bondsman.

 

17.    Squire¹ Charity, born 8 September 1768, "orphan of Ann Charity decd.," was ordered bound an apprentice by the Surry County court on 23 July 1782 [Orders 1775-85, 157]. He was taxable in Surry County from 1787 to 1813: a 16-21-year-old taxable in the household of (his brother?) Henry Charity in 1787; charged with his own tax in 1791; charged with William Charity's tax in 1802; taxable on a slave named Dolly over the age of 16 in 1803; taxable on 2 slaves in 1805 and 1806; 4 slaves in 1807; 2 free males, 2 slaves and 2 horses in 1809 and 1810; 3 free males and 2 slaves in 1811 and 1812; 4 free males and 5 "free Negroes & Mulattoes" in 1813 [PPTL, 1782-90, frames 449, 471, 549, 596; 1791-1816, frames 8, 77, 128, 208, 254, 286, 322, 365, 403, 443, 478, 519, 558, 611, 629, 649, 667, 686, 706, 732]. He married Lucy Elliott, 25 April 1791 Surry County bond, Henry Charity surety, 26 April marriage by Rev. Samuel Butler, Rector of Southwark Parish, Episcopal Church [Ministers' Returns, 32]. He was a "Molatto" living on James Simpson's land in Surry County in 1803 with Lucy Charity (a weaver) and his children Henry, John, Squire, Park and Sally Charity [A List of Molatto's in Surry County in the Year 1803, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/1468651, film no. 4121845, frame 6 of 16]. He was head of a Surry County household of 9 "other free" and a slave in 1810 [VA:603], taxable that year on 67 acres in Surry County [Land Tax Lists, 1782-1820]. He registered in Surry County on 24 December 1821: a free man of Colour aged 53 years the 8^th day of September last, is 5'6-3/4" high of yellow Complexion [Hudgins, Surry County Register of Free Negroes, 74]. He made a 18 February 1828 Surry County will, proved 27 March 1837, by which he loaned his house called the Newshop and 5 acres of land to Nancy Williams during her life; gave her sons Thomas, Henry and William Williams $50 each when they reached the age of twenty one; gave his granddaughter Martha A. Charity a feather bed and furniture and loaned his wife Lucy Charity all the remainder of his estate to be divided at her death among his sons Henry and Squire Charity and two grandchildren Martha A. and Park Charity. The inventory of his estate was recorded in Surry County in 1838 [Wills, Etc. 7:332-3]. Lucy left a 2 January 1838 Surry County will, proved 28 May 1838, by which she gave her grandson Parke Wilson, son of Anna Banks, then wife of Jeremiah Banks, $40 and divided the balance of her estate between her granddaughter Martha Ann Parker Charity, Parke Wilson and her son Henry Charity's unnamed children [Wills, Etc., 7:516-7]. Squire and Lucy were the parents of

i. Henry³, born 25 January 1792, registered in Surry County on 26 January 1813: son of Squire Charity & Lucy, his Wife of Surry County, free people of Colour...is said by his Father to have been 21 years old the 25^th this Instant (Ja^y) is of a bright complexion, has a flat Nose, tolerable straight & long hair, for one of colour...is stout made & rather knock-knee'd - is 5'7" high [Hudgins, Surry County Register of Free Negroes, 49]. He married Matilda Banks, 24 December 1813 Surry County bond.

ii. Squire², born 25 January 1795, according to the letter his father wrote to the clerk of Surry County for his free papers [Certificate of free slave, 1800-1819, http://familysearch.org/search/catalog/1468650, film no. 4122937, frame 71 of 88], registered in Surry County on 21 December 1817: a son of Squire Charity and Lucy, his wife of Surry County, free people of Colour the said Squire Charity is about 22 years old next January 1818 is of a bright Complexion, has a large nose, tolerable straight and Stout made and has straight hair...is 5'3-3/8" high [Hudgins, Register of Free Negroes, 68].

iii. Park, born 6 August 1797, registered in Surry County on 24 August 1818: a Mulattoe Man, the son of Squire Charity and Lucy his wife free person of Colour of this County, aged 21 years the 6^th day of August instant is 5'9-1/4" high, of bright complexion streight and well made, thin Visage, and prominent lips.

iv. Hamlin, born 8 October 1804, registered in Surry County on 26 December 1825: a Son of Squire Charity, was born free, aged 21 years, the 8 October 1825, of a bright complexion, straight hair, 5'7-1/4" high [Hudgins, Surry County Register of Free Negroes, 68, 69, 81].

v. Anna, mother of Parke Wilson, called Anna Wilson when she married Jeremiah Banks, 22 November 1832 Surry County bond, Marit Pool bondsman, 24 November marriage. Parke, born about 1825, registered in Surry County on 26 October 1846 [Hudgins, Register of Free Negroes, 173].

 

18.    James Charity, born about 1788, registered in Surry County on 24 February 1812: son of Wilson Charity a free Mulattoe man of Surry County, aged about 24 years, or there abouts, is 5'8-3/4" high, very long hair, long pekid face, (sharp) nose, his hair grows low in his fore head [Hudgins, Surry County Register of Free Negroes, 48]. He was taxable in Charles City County in 1809 and a "Mulattoe" taxable there in 1813 and 1814 [PPTL 1809-23]. He purchased 10 barrels of corn for $43 at the sale of the Charles City County estate of John Royall on 10 February 1823 [WB 2:551, 552] and was head of a Charles City County household of 10 "free colored" in 1830. He was a 62-year-old farmer in the list of free Negroes for Charles City County in 1851 [List of free negroes over 12 years, 1851, African American Narrative Digital Collection, LVA]. He was the father of

i. Archer, born 18 September 1814, registered in Charles City County on 17 December 1835: son of James Charity, a mulatto man, 21 years of age ye 18 September 1835 [Orders 1830-9, 257].

ii. Littleton, born 19 April 1816, registered in Charles City County on 21 December 1837: son of James Charity, 21 years of age 19 April last, mulatto man [Orders 1830-9, 337].

iii. Walker, born in August 1818, registered in Charles City County on 21 December 1837: son of James Charity, 19 years of age August last, mulatto man [Orders 1830-9, 337].

 

Endnotes:

1.   Peter Newby (age 30) and eighteen other slaves were freed by the 4 February 1783 Isle of Wight County deed of Thomas Newby [DB:15:116]. Other members of the Newby family were Moses Newby, born about 1782, 16 years old when he was apprenticed to John Bullock of Orange County, North Carolina, as a potter in 1798. He was a potter in 1805 when the Guilford County court ruled that he was free because his parents had been emancipated by Quakers. George Newby, born about 1801, was 12 years old in 1813 when he was apprenticed as a potter to William Dennis of Randolph County [NCGSJ May 1985, p.93]. He was head of a Jackson Township, Wayne County, Indiana household of 5 "free colored" in 1840. Joseph Newby was head of a Sussex County, Virginia household of 7 "other free" in 1810, also counted in Isle of Wight County, "free Negro" head of a household of 4 "other free" in 1810 [VA:20]. Harry, Aaron, Tony, and Edmond Newby were "free Negro" taxables in Nansemond County in 1815 [PPTL 1815-1837, frame 11].

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